Ferric citrate shows promise as a means of lowering the serum phosphate concentration in haemodialysis patients. Further studies are needed to find the optimal dose.

No underlying comorbidities were identified to increase the mortality of patients receiving particular dialysis modalities after correcting for age and steroid factors. There was no impact of different dialysis modalities on survival of female SLE patients. However, male SLE patients seemed susceptible to fatal events complicated by HD, which led to an inferior survival rate.