For the primary prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there are currently four different vaccines available in the USA. These are Pfizer (messenger RNA [mRNA]), Moderna (mRNA), Novavax (recombinant protein), and Jansen/Johnson & Johnson (adenoviral vector). All individuals should get vaccinated, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has provided comprehensive guidelines on recommended doses, their frequency by age group, and vaccine types, all discussed in detail in this article. Vaccines are a critical and cost-effective tool for preventing the disease. Prior to receiving a vaccine, patients should get adequate counseling regarding any potential adverse effects post vaccination. Appropriate safety precautions must be taken for those more likely to experience adverse consequences. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the symptoms, indicators, and treatment of any adverse event post-vaccination. We have provided a comprehensive review of the different characteristics of COVID-19 vaccines available in the United States, including their effectiveness against various variants, adverse effects, and precautions necessary for healthcare professionals and the general population. This article also briefly covers COVID-19 vaccines available worldwide, specifically their mode of action and effectiveness.

Introduction The rapid development of vaccines followed the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. There is still significant vaccine hesitancy, especially among parents. Large-scale pediatric population-based studies or reviews about vaccine side effects are limited. Data sources and methods The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends recipients or their providers notify possible adverse events to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). We evaluated Delaware state data from the VAERS system for the pediatric age group. Results A total of 111 reports were reviewed, with summaries of the reported key side effects discussed, including seizures, myocarditis, stroke, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), chest pain, hematuria, menstrual disorder, appendicitis, behavioral and otological side effects, etc. Conclusions We noted the approximate prevalence of reported adverse events to be <0.2%. Further studies with larger sample sizes or those focused on each key side effect are needed to evaluate these side effects in detail. An open discussion about the possible side effects and reinforcing the individual, family, and community benefits are key to promoting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that causes severe inflammation in the lungs' alveoli. It causes alveoli to fill with fluid, blood clots, and sometimes even pus. Patients who are infected with COVID-19 pneumonia experience severe cough, shortness of breath, fever, fatigue, chest pain, night sweats, chills, loss of appetite, etc. During the initial phase of the COVID-19 pneumonia pandemic, it was thought that ivermectin might be helpful in patients infected with COVID-19 pneumonia, but this was later proven to be false due to its severe risks/side effects. Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) suggests against the use of ivermectin for COVID-19 pneumonia. However, some providers continue to use ivermectin as one of the treatments for patients infected with COVID-19 infection. In this case report, we will discuss ivermectin causing acute psychosis in healthy 45- and 51-year-old patients with no known history of any mental health illness.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by a novel strain of coronavirus and has resulted in a global pandemic. Information regarding the COVID-19 pathophysiology and its long-term impacts on humans is yet to be found. The knowledge about the COVID -19 infection's effects on the fetus is limited. The maternal to fetal transmission during various trimesters is not adequately studied. We present a case concerning maternal-to-fetal vertical transmission focusing on congenital infection.