Ru(g 5 -C 5 H 5 )Cl(TPPDS) 2 ], [TPPDS=P(C 6 H 5 )(C 6 H 4 SO 3 ) ) 2 ] in biphasic (n-heptane/water) medium hydrogenates toluene, benzene and m-xylene (105°C, 1400 psig H 2 , substrate/catalyst=600:1, 4 h) and in toluene hydrogenation gives methylcyclohexane. Catalytic activity increases with temperature, H 2 pressure, ionic strength, and pH lower than 10. The catalytic water solution can be reused several times with little activity loss.
The chlorocarbonyl bis-[butylphenyl (meta-sulfonate-phenyl)phosphine] rhodium (I) complex shows catalytic hydroformylation activity in toluene/water biphasic medium for 1-hexene, cyclohexene, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene and 2-methyl-2-pentene, their binary mixtures and a real Venezuelan naphtha, under standardized reaction conditions (1000 psi of syngas (1:1 H 2 /CO), 100ºC, substrate/catalyst molar ratio (600:1) and 4 h reaction time), obtaining high percent conversion to oxygenated products.
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