Thuong river-a tributary of the Red River in Vietnam, is currently facing the degradation in both water quality and quantity. One of the major causes of water pollution is wastewater discharge into the river from industrial plants, agricultural and residential areas where wastewater is untreated or treated but does not meet the Vietnamese standards. This report presents the results of predicting the capacity of receiving wastewater of Thuong river from the Cau Son hydrological station to Pha Lai hydrological station in 2020 and 2030 with 3 scenarios: (i) The amount of waste water increases according to plan, but not treated, (ii) 30% waste water is treated, (iii) 70% waste water is treated. The method is the application of the MIKE 11 model combined with the waste load calculation formula. The results showed that, in many river stretches, especially the stretches run through Bac Giang city and industrial areas, the river pollution is increasingly serious, and has no signs of stop. Therefore, it is necessary to propose the water policies to control the wastewater discharge into the Thuong River in particular and the Red River system in general in order to protect water resource.
Abstract:The origin and quality of groundwater in the Southeastern region (belongs to Southern Plain) were identified by using isotopic techniques and geochemical analysis. Groundwater samples were collected from 7 aquifers: the Holocene, upper Pleistocene, middle Pleistocene, lower Pleistocene, upper Pliocene, middle Pliocene and Miocene aquifers. The water isotopic compositions ( 2 H and 18 O) were determined to elucidate the origin and the interaction between surface water and groundwater studies. Transit time (age) of the groundwater samples was determined to explain the direction of groundwater flow. The dating techniques included 3 H and 14 C isotopes measurement, followed by a correction for the initial 14 C-activity by the 13 C-composition ( 13 C) in TDIC (Total Dissolved Inorganic Carbon). Geochemical parameters of the groundwater samples were measured either directly in the field or in the laboratory. The results showed that the groundwater from the Holocene and upper Pleistocene aquifers was most recharged from the local meteorological and hydrological systems, including local precipitation, river and reservoirs. Thus, it has short transit time and its stable isotopic composition is spread around the local meteoric waterline and lines for rivers or reservoirs water. The groundwater in the deeper aquifers: middle and lower Pleistocene, and Neogene aquifers has old age up to 22.5 ka BP. Its water seems to be recharged from the areas with an altitude from 600 to 700 m higher to the Neogene deposit layer altitude. The groundwater in the SE SP (South-Eastern Southern Plain) region has a high quality. The water type is Na-Ca-Mg-HCO 3 with low content of chloride and TDS (Total Dissolved Solids). Calcite/dolomite and gypsum dissolution, organic matter decomposition and sequence of red-ox reactions proceeding through different electron acceptors sediment were controlled the chemistry of the groundwater in the study region.
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