The aim of the current study was to examine how bullying by peers relates to self-esteem, school connectedness and motivation for academic success in an Australian high school. Questionnaires were completed by 975 students across years 7 to 12. As predicted, male students were subjected to more direct forms of bullying than female students. However, contrary to expectations, there were no significant differences between males and females in their reported experience of indirect forms of bullying. Also, students in the lower year levels of high school reported being bullied more frequently than students in high year levels. Findings supported predictions that students who were bullied by their peers at school tended to report having lower levels of self-esteem, feeling less connected to their peers, teachers and school, and being less motivated to perform well at school. These results may have implications for school-based intervention programs that are designed to reduce bullying behaviours.
Nepal is in unique period of demographic situation. The age structure of population is gradually shifting upwards producing a historical large proportion of young population. Given the early age at marriage and childbearing, this population may continue to dominate fertility transition process. Interaction between improvement in the characteristics of this population and recently started declining fertility is expected to push fertility transition at a faster rate until mid of this century before entering to the lowest level marginal decline or stagnation. The young 1population itself are in social, economic, cultural and demographic transition which is sandwiched with generation gap. Demographic analysis should factor their needs and interests to project the future fertility discourse.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.