ABSTRAKShorea leprosula Miq. merupakan salah satu jenis kayu dari famili Dipterocarpaceae yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Kerusakan hutan alam karena illegal logging dan konversi lahan diduga telah mengurangi keragaman genetik dan mempersempit basis genetik jenis tersebut. Sebagai penanda genetik molekuler, isozim dapat digunakan untuk menduga tingkat keragaman genetik. Pengetahuan mengenai kergaman genetik akan memberikan peranan yang penting dalam program pemuliaan dan konservasi genetik jenis S.leprosula di Indonesia. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah daun S. leprosula yang masih juvenile dari populasi Kalimantan pada lima pertanaman konsevai ex situ yang terletak di Carita (Banten), Semaras -Pulau Laut (Kalimantan Selatan), Gunung Kencana (Jawa Barat), Batu Ampar (Kalimantan Timur), dan Kotawaringin Timur (Kalimantan Tengah). Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Gunung Bunga (Kalimantan Barat), Kenangan (Kalimantan Timur), Melak (Kalimantan Timur), Bengalun (Kalimantan Timur), Labanan (Kalimantan Timur), Meraang (Kalimantan Timur), Sambarata (Kalimantan Timur), dan Bukit Baka (Kalimantan Tengah). Empat sistem enzim tersebut dikendalikan oleh lima lokus (6Pg, Got, Est-1, Est-2, dan Shd) dengan 22 alel. Keragaman genetik S. leprosula di Kalimantan tergolong tinggi (HT=0,329) dengan 61,2% keragaman genetik berasal dari keragaman antar populasi. Peningkatan proporsi individu homozigot dijumpai pada hampir semua lokus pada semua populasi S.leprosula di Kalimantan ditandai dengan indeks fiksasi yang bernilai poitif (F-ix = 0,312).
Most of non timber forest product (NTFP) utilization taken from natural forests which decrease on productivity annually, including tengkawang producer species which taken from West Kalimantan natural forests. This condition needs an effort to preserve those species from natural population utilization through plantation forest development that require spesific strategy. This study was part of breeding strategy of shorea species producing tengkawang which aimed to species identify and seedling growth evaluation used genetic material from 2 (two) population from West Kalimantan. The research was arranged in 2 (two) steps, i.e.1) species identification used morphology characteristic difference, and 2) seedling growth evaluation (height,diameter,sturdiness). Seedling growth evaluation was arranged in RCBD, with 5 plot (combination of species and source population), contained 25 seedlings and 4 replications (blocks). The result showed that seedlings of shorea species producing tengkawang, i.e. S.stenoptera, S.macrophylla, and S.gysbertsiana can be different from its stipulae morphology characteristic. Growth of 10 months shorea species producing tengkawang seedlings were significantly different on height and sturdiness. Seedlings height were 67,19 – 88,79 cm, seedlings diameter 9,65 – 10,33 mm and sturdiness 7 – 9,21 in range. The best seedling growth was S.stenoptera and S.macrophylla from Gunung Bunga, West Kalimantan.
Malapari (Pongamia pinnata) is one of tree species belonging to Family of Leguminosae. Malapari seed oil were known as potential source for biofuel. The previous study showed that Provenance from Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon Banten had highest oil content among provenances in Java. Seed exploration was carried out to determine variations among families on oil content and growth performance. This study was conducted to determine the variation among families on growth performance at nursery level. The seedlings were used as planting stocks for Progeny Test establishment. This study was arranged in randomized completely block design with 50 families, 10 seedlings per plot and repeated in 4 blocks resulting the total number of observation units were 2000 seedlings. Seedling survival rate, growth performance (height, diameter, leave number), and sturdiness ratio was measured monthly up to 5 months after sowing. Analyses of variance was used to find out differences among families. Correlation among characters/parameters was analyzed by Pearson Correlation Analyses. The results showed that variations among families were found on seedling growthperformance. The seedling survival rate at the age of 5 months was 84.60% (26,70-100%) with an average growth of 47.10 cm (31,2-59,7 cm) in height, 5.49 mm (4,7-6,5 mm) in diameter, 8.56 for seedlings sturdiness and 15.4 (10,9-18,8) for leave number
The tree improvement research of nyamplung has entered the selection stage at the individual levels having high quality and oil yield properties. In order to maintain the superiority of this characteristics, a proper vegetative propagation techniques is required to multiply selected trees.The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of cutting materials from sprouts on seedlings and mother trees. The study was arranged in a completely randomized design with factorial pattern. The factors tested were cutting materials (namely sprou ts on seedlings and on the mother tree branches) and application of growth hormone types (control, pasta and powder). The results showed that the survival rates and the growth of cuttings from seedlings and mother trees were relatively similar. However, the rooting percentages and the growth of cuttings were significantly influenced by the interaction between the two factors. The survival rates of shoot cuttings varied from 51.92 to 82.30% and rooting percentages range from 32 to 70%. The best result of rooting percentage and shoot cuttings growth were obtained at shoot cuttings from seedlings with growth hormone in the pasta type.
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