Conjunctival vascular tortuosity was the most common manifestation in this series. Conjunctival and retinal vessel tortuosity, and corneal verticillata are frequently observed in Fabry disease. The incidence of lenticular changes is not consistently reported, but in this series and many others, it is much less common than that of corneal, conjunctival and retinal changes.

Optical coherence tomography is a useful, non-invasive diagnostic tool in determining subclinical cystoid macular oedema in uncomplicated cataract surgery patients and detects the presence of retinal thickening and intra-retinal cysts very soon after surgery, thereby facilitating earlier diagnosis and treatment of postoperative cystoid macular oedema.

The risk of CNV in patients with ARMD is heralded by an increase in the number, size, and confluence of drusen. This risk eventually declines and is followed by later increased risk of GA.

1. It has been suggested that hypertension may be an important determinant of the rate of progression of diabetic microangiopathy.2. Renal microvascular disease as assessed by urinary albumin excretion and glomerular ultrastructure was evaluated in a model in which streptozotocin diabetes was induced in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).3. Diabetes was associated with increases in urinary albumin excretion, and hypertension resulted in a further increase in albuminuria.4. Various antihypertensive regimens were administered to diabetic SHR, with the angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor perindopril and triple therapy (hydralazine, reserpine and hydrochlorothiazide) being more effective than the calcium antagonist (lacidipine) in retarding the increase in albuminuria in diabetic SHR. 5. Antihypertensive therapy appears to ameliorate the development of diabetic renal disease.

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Purpose: To present a case of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) associated with transient loss of vision from eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)-associated ischemic vasculitis.Methods: Case report and review of the literature.Results: A 52-year-old man presented with recurrent episodes of amaurosis of the right eye. A diagnosis of EGPA was established with the combination of late-onset asthma, peripheral eosinophilia, patchy parenchymal consolidation, and diffuse pansinusitis. Fundus examination displayed cotton wool spots in the right eye. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macula showed features of paracentral focal inner nuclear layer/outer plexiform layer hyperreflectivity consistent with PAMM. He was treated with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide. At 2 months following the treatment, his EGPA was in remission; the patient reported no recurrence of visual symptoms. Dilated fundoscopy revealed resolution of the cotton wool spots. A repeat OCT of the macula showed resolution of PAMM.Conclusion: This case supports sublethal hypoxia of the middle retinal layers as the underlying mechanism for PAMM. Ophthalmologists should be cognizant to look for PAMM on OCT in patients presenting with transient visual loss and be aware of EGPA-associated ischemic vasculitis as a rare cause of amaurosis.

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