Interrupted enoxaparin therapy and age 50 years or older are associated with DVT formation among trauma and general surgery patients. Missed doses occur commonly and are the only identified risk factor for DVT that can be ameliorated by physicians. Efforts to minimize interrupted enoxaparin prophylaxis in patients at risk for DVT should be optimized.

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a worldwide pandemic with a high mortality rate among patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The limited data that exist regarding the utility of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in these critically ill patients show poor overall outcomes. This report describes our institutional practice regarding the application and management of ECMO support for patients with COVID-19 and reports promising early outcomes. Methods All critically ill patients with confirmed COVID-19 evaluated for ECMO support from March 10, 2020, to April 24, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were evaluated for ECMO support based on a partial pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio of less than 150 mm Hg or pH of less than 7.25 with a partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide exceeding 60 mm Hg with no life-limiting comorbidities. Patients were cannulated at bedside and were managed with protective lung ventilation, early tracheostomy, bronchoscopies, and proning, as clinically indicated. Results Among 321 patients intubated for COVID-19, 77 patients (24%) were evaluated for ECMO support, and 27 patients (8.4%) were placed on ECMO. All patients were supported with venovenous ECMO. Current survival is 96.3%, with only 1 death to date in more than 350 days of total ECMO support. Thirteen patients (48.1%) remain on ECMO support, and 13 patients (48.1%) have been successfully decannulated. Seven patients (25.9%) have been discharged from the hospital. Six patients (22.2%) remain in the hospital, of which 4 are on room air. No health care workers who participated in ECMO cannulation developed symptoms of or tested positive for COVID-19. Conclusions The early outcomes presented here suggest that the judicious use of ECMO support in severe COVID-19 may be clinically beneficial.

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3-Iodothyronamine (T1AM) and 3,5,3’-triiodothyroacetic acid (Triac) are bio-active metabolites of the hormone thyroxine (T4). In the present study the ability of T1AM and T3AM to be metabolized to 3-iodothyroacetic acid (TA1) and 3,5,3’-triiodothyroacetic acid (Triac), respectively, were investigated. Both T1AM and T3AM were converted to their respective iodinated thyroacetic acid analogues in both cell and tissue extracts. This conversion could be significantly inhibited with the monamine oxidase (MAO) and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) inhibitor, iproniazid. TA1 was found to be present in trace quantity in human serum, and was present in substantial levels in serum from T1AM treated rats. These results demonstrate that iodothyronamines are substrates for amine oxidases, and that this metabolism may be the source of the corresponding endogenous arylacetic acid products Triac and TA1.

Background. The objectives of this study were to present outcomes of robotic segmentectomy and the investigators' preferred technique for nodule localization using indocyanine green both bronchoscopically and intravenously.Methods. This study was a retrospective review of a consecutive series of patients scheduled for robotic segmentectomy from a single surgeon's prospectively collected database.Results. Between January 2010 and October 2018, there were 245 consecutive patients who underwent planned robotic segmentectomy by one surgeon. Of these 245 patients, 93 (38%) received indocyanine green by electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy, and all 245 received intravenous indocyanine green. Median time for navigational bronchoscopy was 9 minutes. Navigational bronchoscopy with indocyanine green correctly identified the lesion in 80 cases (86%). The preferred technique was as follows: 0.5 mL of 25 mg of indocyanine green diluted in 10 mL of sterile water given bronchoscopically, followed by a 0.5-mL saline flush, staying at least 4 mm from the pleural surface. The remaining 9.5 mL of indocyanine green was administered intravenously after pulmonary artery ligation. An R0 resection was achieved in all 245 patients, a median of 17 lymph nodes were resected, and the average length of stay was 3.1 days (range, 1 to 21 days). Major morbidity occurred in 3 patients, and there were no 30-or 90-day mortalities.Conclusions. Robotic segmentectomy is safe, with excellent early clinical outcomes. In this series, electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy and indocyanine green localization were efficient and effective at identifying the target lesion. Intravenous indocyanine green delineated the intersegmental plane.