Dongting Biluochun (DTBLC) tea is one of the top famous tea in China, which is originated from Suzhou city, Jiangsu Province, China. Generally, DTBLC tea is processed using "Dongting population", which have a great genetic diversity. However, little information has been found so far on its genetic diversity. In order to unveil the relationship among the DTBLC germplasm, 68 tea accessions collected from Suzhou geographical origin growing area were analyzed by using 36 pairs of polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. Finally, a total of 68 tea accessions generated 158 alleles with a mean of 4.39 alleles per locus and 314 genotypes with a mean of 8.72. The polymorphism information content (PIC) was between 0.09 and 0.76, and the mean value was 0.53; the gene diversity index (H) ranged from 0.10 to 0.79, with an average of 0.56, while the average observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.50 varied from 0.04 to 0.71. The coefficient of the genetic similarity of SSR makers among the tea accessions ranged from 0.49 to 0.89. These results indicated that a considerable genetic diversity existed among these tea accessions. According to the clustering results, 68 tea accessions were clustered into 5 categories with no obvious geographical distribution characteristics based on the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic mean (UPGMA), which hinted that the territorial division of protection for geographic indication-DTBLC tea was appropriate. However, dendrogram based on Nei's genetic distance revealed complex genetic relationships among DTBLC tea germplasm resources, and these collections possessed impressive level of genetic diversity which could be important for subsequent selective breeding, utilization, and conservation of tea germplasm resources in Jiangsu, China.
The carrying capacity of receiving water bodies is one of the important data for water quality management, pollution source control towards harmonizing with the economic development and environment protection. Therefore, this research aimed atevaluating the carrying capacity of receiving water bodies in the south of Binh Duong province up to 2030. 06 key water quality indicators (COD, BOD, TSS, PO43--P, NO3--N, NH4+-N) were exmained with 02 wastewater treatment scenarios. Results showed the investigated area hardly had carrying capacity for NH4+-N and PO43--P, followed by TSS, BOD, and COD. In case of improving wastewater treatment status till 2030, the carrying capacity of receiving water bodies would be increased, but not significant. The carrying capacity of several basins needs to be paid special attention are: Suoi Con 1 basin (BOD, COD, NH4+-N), Suoi Cai basin (BOD, TSS and NH4+-N), the upstream of Cay Bang – Cau Dinh basin (BOD, COD, TSS, NH4+-N), the upstream of Chom Sao – Rach Bung basin (05 parameters, excepting NO3--N), the upstream of Binh Hoa – Vinh Binh basin (BOD, COD, PO43--P, NH4+-N). These findings are an important basis for formulating strategies and proposing measures for local pollution source control and surface water management.
The Cai stream is a wastewater receiving stream from industrial zones in Tan Uyen town (Binh Duong province), which is facing to pollution risks, requiring appropriate management measures, especially in the context of socio-economic development. Accordingly, the study aimed to assess the current status and to forecast its water quality until 2020. By sampling, analysis, and water quality index (WQI), the results show that water quality in dry season of 2017 ranged from poor to medium level (WQI 23-79) and tended to increase towards the downstream. Some streams being concerns in terms of water quality were the Cho stream (WQI 18 - 31), the Cai stream flowing through VSIP II (WQI 26 - 35), the Tre stream flowing through waste water treatment plants of VSIP II (WQI = 40)... It could be explained by high turbidity, TSS and NH4-N concentrations. Water quality in 2020 was simulated by the Mike 11 model and demonstrated on maps using GIS. Simulation results show an increase in COD, BOD, TSS, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus concentrations in relation to local socio-economic development plans, especially COD and TSS (the highest concentrations would be 48 mg/L and 205 mg/L, respectively). In some areas, there is a clear increase in pollution levels, such as the Tre stream, the confluence of the Tre and the Cai streams, downstream of the Cai stream, the Vinh Lai stream, and the Cho stream. Research results could be an important basis for environmental management in general, water quality management in particular, contributing to sustainable development goals of the local.
Mineral nutrients are essential to plant growth and development. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of mineral fertilizer doses and N:P:K ratio on growth, yield, and raw material quality of the tea variety PH10 to improve the production of high-quality tea products. The field experiment was conducted from 2015 to 2017. A two-factor experiment was designed by split-plot design with three replications. The mainplot treatments were three fertilizer doses of N for one metric ton of fresh shoot products (30, 40, and 50 kg N ha-1). The subplot treatments were two NPK ratios (3:1:1 and 3:1:2). Plant height, leaf canopy, plant diameter, shoot yield parameters, shoot components, biochemical compounds, and sensory quality for Oolong and Sencha tea products were evaluated. The results showed that increasing fertilizer doses from 30 up to 40 kg N per ton of fresh product improved remarkably growth, yield, and tea quality of PH10 variety. Different fertilizer ratios resulted in variations in plant growth, the content of carbohydrate, sensory quality for taste and flavor as well as total sensory quality with higher values at NPK ratio of 3:1:2. Applying mineral fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 3:1:2 and 40kg N per ton of fresh shoot products was recommended to bring about the most benefits of tea yield and quality as well as economic profit.
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