This study examined the relationship between the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Third Edition (PPVT-III) and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III) using 40 adults who ranged in age from 18 to 41 (mean age of 22 years). Participants were administered the PPVT-III and WAIS-III in counterbalanced fashion to control for order effects. Results revealed that the PPVT-III score was related to the WAIS-III Verbal IQ (VIQ) and Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) scores but unrelated to the Performance IQ (PIQ) score. In addition, analyses indicated that, while there were no significant differences between the PPVT-III score and WAIS-III mean FSIQ and PIQ scores, the PPVT-III mean score was significantly lower than the WAIS-III VIQ. Further analysis indicated that the PPVT-III adequately estimated WAIS-III FSIQ and VIQ scores for participants who were classified as Average or High Average on the WAIS-III. However, for participants in the Superior range, the PPVT-III tended to underestimate FSIQ and VIQ scores by approximately 10 points.
The present investigation examined the concurrent validity of the Wonderlic Personnel Test and Woodcock-Johnson-Revised Tests of Cognitive Ability which were administered to 37 college students, 27 women and 10 men, who ranged in age from 18 to 54 years (M=27.1, SD=8.7). Analysis yielded significant correlation coefficients between the Wonderlic Total score and the score for the WJ-R Broad Cognitive Ability Standard Battery (r = .55) and the Comprehensive Knowledge score (r= .34). Performance on the Wonderlic was not significantly correlated with fluid reasoning skills (r=.26) but was most strongly associated with overall intellectual functioning, as measured by the Woodcock-Johnson Standard Battery IQ score. While scores on the Wonderlic were more strongly associated with crystallized than fluid reasoning abilities, the Wonderlic test scores did not clearly show convergent and divergent validity evidence across these two broad domains of cognitive ability.
The current investigation examined the validity of the Comprehensive Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (CTONI), an intelligence test that is purported to measure fluid intelligence. The CTONI was evaluated in comparison with the Kaufman Adolescent and Adult Intelligence Test (KAIT), an established measure of fluid and crystallized intelligence. Ninety-seven adults were administered these instruments in counterbalanced order. Results indicated that the sample's mean CTONI Nonverbal IQ (NIQ) deviated significantly from the mean KAIT Crystallized, Fluid, and Composite IQs. The CTONI mean NIQ underestimated KAIT Fluid and Composite IQs when individual participants were subdivided into existing KAIT ability categories and mean score comparisons were made. Results also indicated that the CTONI NIQ correlated strongly and positively with the KAIT Composite and Fluid IQs. Furthermore, the CTONI Geometric NIQ scale clearly demonstrated discriminant and convergent validity, whereas, the CTONI Pictorial NIQ (PNIQ) did not.
The World Wide Web (Web) is a good source of data for class projects. In this article, I review a Web-based experimental psychology research project examining human mate preferences. Designed as a conceptual replication of Hayes's (1995) study of newspaper personal advertisements, students collected information from Internet personal advertisements to provide support for or against evolutionary (Buss, 1985) and social learning theories (Hayes) of mate selection. Students collected information from 4 personal advertisement categories: men seeking women, women seeking men, women seeking women, and men seeking men. I summarized and returned the data to students who wrote an American Psychological Association style paper on mate selection. I also review the advantages and disadvantages of using the Internet.The World Wide Web (Web) provides access to a wealth of information. One potential use of the Web is as a research tool. For example, Stern and Faber (1997) used the Internet to conduct a replication of the lost-letter technique using e-mail. They also described how they conducted survey research on marital satisfaction via the Internet. Although Stern and Faber's article is a notable exception, few studies have described how to conduct simple research projects using the Internet. Using the Web to conduct research, however, can expand the pool of available research participants and provide students with avenues of research previously not available. An Experimental Psychology ProjectIn an effort to enhance students' research experiences, students in Experimental Psychology used the Internet to conduct a Web-based research project on mate selection. This project was a conceptual replication of Hayes's (1995) study on mate preferences. Hayes examined newspaper advertisements to determine if men and women displayed any consistent preferences for age, beauty, or wealth. Several researchers (e.g., Buss, 1985;Feingold, 1992) concluded that men and women show gender-specific differences in mate selection. For example, men tend to select women who are young, attractive, and healthy. By contrast, women tend to prefer men who are older, wealthy, and ambitious (Buss, 1985). Hayes found that these same trends were also present in the newspaper advertisements of people seeking mates.In this project, students attempted to determine if men's and women's personal advertisements placed on the Web displayed the consistent age preferences found in previous studies. Students searched preselected Web sites for data on ages of advertisers and mates sought. They turned their data in to the instructor for analysis. Following statistical analysis of the data, students used the results to compile an American Psychological Association style paper.A number of advantages resulted from using the Internet to conduct this project. Numerous personal advertisement services from various geographic areas are located on the Internet. Because the newspaper holdings of libraries are not as numerous as Internet sources and can often focus on specific re...
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