This article deals with the nanofluid flow and heat transfer of the MHD free stream over an exponentially radiating stretching sheet accompanied by constant and variable fluid characteristics together. The underlying governing partial differential equations (PDEs) have been translated into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by incorporating adequate similarity transformations. By using the shooting method and the MATLAB built-in solver bvp4c, the corresponding ODEs are effectively solved. The impact on the skin friction coefficient (quantifying resistance), the local Nusselt number (heat transfer rate) and the local Sherwood number (mass transfer rate) on the surface due to the flow field variables has been computed against various parameters i.e., magnetic parameter M, Prandtl number Pr o , Lewis number Le, thermophoresis parameter Nt, Brownian motion parameter Nb, velocity parameter λ, radiation parameter Rd and thermal conductivity parameter ǫ. Graphs are also plotted to study the impact of distinct parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles. It has been noted by raising the values of ǫ, the heat transfer rate reduces for variable fluid properties. On the other hand, raising Pr o increases the heat transfer rate.
The objective of this paper comprises two key aspects: to establish descriptive mathematical models for constant and variable fluid flows over a variable thickness sheet by inducting applied electric and magnetic fields, porosity, radiative heat transfer, and heat generation/absorption, and to seek their solution by constructing a novel numerical method, the Simplified Finite Difference Method (SFDM). We resort to similarity transformations to implicate partial differential equations (PDEs) into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Optimal results for a pair of ODEs obtained from SFDM are assessed by drawing a comparison with bvp4c and existing literature values. SFDM has been implemented in MATLAB for both constant and variable fluid properties. Tabulated numerical values of the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are measured and analyzed against different parameters. The influence of distinct parameters on velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle volume fraction are explained in great detail via diagrams. The skin friction coefficient for variable fluid properties is greater than for constant fluid properties. However, the local Nusselt number is lower for variable fluid properties than with constant fluid properties. Surprisingly, high-precision computational results are achieved from the SFDM.
We study constant and variable fluid properties together to investigate their effect on MHD Powell–Eyring nanofluid flow with thermal radiation and heat generation over a variable thickness sheet. The similarity variables assist in having ordinary differential equations acquired from partial differential equations (PDEs). A novel numerical procedure, the simplified finite difference method (SFDM), is developed to calculate the physical solution. The SFDM described here is simple, efficient, and accurate. To highlight its accuracy, results of the SFDM are compared with the literature. The results obtained from the SFDM are compared with the published results from the literature. This gives a good agreed solution with each other. The velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions, when drawn at the same time for constant and variable physical features, are observed to be affected against incremental values of the flow variables. Furthermore, the impact of contributing flow variables on the skin friction coefficient (drag on the wall) and local Nusselt (heat transfer rate on the wall) and Sherwood numbers (mass transfer on the wall) is illustrated by data distributed in tables. The nondimensional skin friction coefficient experiences higher values for constant flow regimes especially in comparison with changing flow features.
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