Three-component reaction in one pot transformation of aldehydes, ethylacetoacetate and o-phenylenediamine was employed for the synthesis, under solvent-free, of 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives using fertilizers mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), di-ammonium Phosphate (DAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) as safe, clean, and recyclable catalysts. The synthesis method seems to be operationally simple and provides access to a variety of 1,5-benzodiazepines with excellent yields in a short reaction time.

In this work, an efficient, easy, and green process has been developed for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one from a condensation reaction of anthranylamide with various aromatic aldehyde using of phosphate fertilizers, monoammonium phosphate (MAP), di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) as heterogeneous catalysts. The reaction conditions were optimized taking into account of some parameters which control the reaction, namely the nature and the volume of the solvent and the mass of catalyst. The results show that the catalysts used herein are very interesting because they present a good catalytic activity and they are reusable for at least five cycles without any degradation of their activity.

This article presents a simple and green method for the synthesis of 3,4dihydropyrano[c]chromenes, they have been obtained by the condensation of an aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile and 4-hydroxycoumarin in presence of phosphate fertilizers (Monoammonium phosphate MAP, Diammonium phosphate DAP and Triple superphosphate TSP) as heterogeneous catalysts and ethanol as an ecological solvent. This method has remarkable advantages, such as excellent catalytic performance of the catalysts used in the ethanol and the facility of preparation of the desired products with high to excellent yields (>92%) in short reaction times varying from 30 to 45 min, the long-term durability and easy recovery of catalysts, constitute a good heterogeneous system. All these advantages added to the low cost of these catalysts and their ecological profile have allowed them to be an alternative to the other synthetic and toxic catalysts used previously.