Introduction: Interpersonal violence (IPV) has emerged as a worldwide health problem affecting predominantly the face. Patients and methods: This study reports the characteristics of violence, victims and injuries in IPV-related facial injuries patients, in a 10-year survey, in a tertiary hospital of Burkina Faso. Results: Patients’ age ranged from 11 to 75 years (mean 31 years) and 58.2% of the patients were aged between 20 and 39 years. There were 74 males and females 24 giving a male-to-female ratio of 3.1:1. The circumstances of injuries were brawls (80.6%) consisting mostly in facial blows, and hold-ups (19.4%). Fractures involving predominantly the mandible or the zygomatic complex were the most common injury, accounting for 53.2%. Soft tissues injuries accounted for 37.2% and dental trauma for 9.2%. In 27.5% of the patients, extra facial injuries were encountered, dominated by cerebral trauma and limb fractures. Conclusion: In this study, IPV-related facial injuries are mostly mandibular or zygomatic fractures in young and males adults involved in brawls. These findings command strategies for prevention of violence in this specific group.
The findings of this study commend comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation in any patient with an orbit wall fracture.
-Introduction: Facial fractures epidemiology varies with geographic region. Patients and methods:This study reports the frequency, demographic characteristics and aetiologies of facial fractures in a 5-year retrospective survey, in Burkina Faso. Results: In 349 patients, the fracture involved the mandible (44.5%), the zygomatic complex (38.9%), the maxilla (13.8%) or the naso-fronto-orbito-ethmoidal complex (2.8%). The peak of frequency (58.2%) was recorded between 20 and 39 years and the male to female ratio was 7.1:1. The aetiologies of the fractures were road traffic crashes (80.5%), assaults (9.7%), falls (8.3%), and sport accidents (1.5%). In 80% of the road traffic accidents, a two-wheeled vehicle was involved and 75.9% of falls were from a tree height. There was a significant association between multiple facial fractures and road traffic accidents. Discussion: Epidemiology of facial fractures in this study is similar to that generally reported in developing countries. Frequency of falls from trees height constitutes however a particularity. These findings illustrate the necessity of enforcement of road traffic security, as well as a development of program of prevention of falls from trees, in Burkina Faso.Résumé -Épidémiologie des fractures faciales : l'analyse de 349 patients. Introduction : L'épidémiologie des fractures a une variation géographique. Patients et méthodes : Une étude rétrospective sur 5 ans rapporte la fré-quence, les caractéristiques démographiques et les étiologies des fractures faciales au Burkina Faso. Résultats : Chez 349 patients, la fracture intéressait la mandibule (44,5 %), le complexe zygomatique (38,9 %), le maxillaire (13,8 %) ou le complexe ethmoido-naso-fronto-orbitaire (2,8 %). Le pic de fréquence (58,2 %) était observé entre 20 et 39 ans et le rapport homme/femme était de 7.1:1. Les étiologies des fractures étaient les accidents de la circulation routière (80,5 %), les agressions (9,7 %), les chutes (8,3 %) et les accidents de sport (1,5 %). Dans 80 % des accidents de trafic, un véhicule à 2 roues était impliqué et 75,9 % des accidents par chute étaient des chutes du haut d'un arbre. Les fractures faciales multiples étaient significativement associées aux accidents de la route. Discussion : L'épidémiologie des fractures faciales dans cette étude est similaire à celle généralement rapportée dans les pays en développement. La fréquence des accidents par chute du haut d'un arbre constitue cependant une particularité. Ces résultats illustrent la nécessité d'un renforcement de la sécurité routière ainsi que d'un déve-loppement de programmes de prévention des accidents par chute du haut d'un arbres, au Burkina Faso.
Les ganglions de la tête et du cou sont parmi les localisations les plus fréquentes de la tuberculose, un problème de santé publique dans le monde. Une étude rétrospective conduite entre 2001 et 2010 rapporte les caractéristiques épidémiologiques et cliniques de l'adénite tuberculeuse de la tête et du cou, au CHU Sanou Souro, au Burkina Faso. Au total, 115 patients ont été observés dont l'âge était compris entre 2 ans et 64 ans (moyenne 31,46 ans). Il y avait 53 patients de sexe masculin (46,1%) et 62 de sexe féminin (53,9%). Un pic de fréquence de 39,8% était observé entre 30 et 39 ans. Les adénopathies cervicales étaient multiples chez 96,5% des patients et abcédées chez 30%. Elles étaient associées à des adénopathies extra cervicales chez 16,6% des patients. Chez 83,4% des patients, il a été noté un ou plusieurs signes à type d'asthénie et ou d'amaigrissement (70,8%), de fièvre 25% ou de toux (20,8%). L'infection associée la plus fréquente était celle par le VIH, observée chez 43,3% des patients. Les résultats de cette étude commandent la recherche systématique de l'infection par le VIH chez tout patient porteur d'adénite cervicale tuberculeuse dans un contexte de double endémicité de la tuberculose et de l'infection à VIH.
Introduction: Surgery of maxilla ameloblastoma is mutilating and the tumor propensity for recurrence high. Patients and Methods: The oral and visual functions, facial morphology and tumor recurrence in 11 patients after maxillary ameloblastoma surgery are retrospectively reviewed. Results: Facial morphology was satisfactory in 7 patients who had all tumor removal by a type 1 or 2A maxillectomy and surgical wound closure. Out of these patients, 4 who had dental rehabilitation by conventional prosthesis presented satisfactory mastication. Four patients subjected to the tumor removal by a type 3 maxillectomy had all facial asymmetry. Out of these, 1 patient who did not have the orbital floor defect repair presented diplopia and enophtalmos, and 2 patients subjected to the palate defect repair by a prosthetic obturator or oral mucosa had elocution impairment. The tumor recurrence occurred in 2 patients after tumor enucleation and in 1 patient after radical surgery out of 8 patients who had a postoperative follow-up. Discussion: In ameloblastoma surgery, achieving both the tumor recurrence prevention and a satisfactory facial reconstruction is challenging. Conclusion: Avoiding the tumor recurrence should be the major goal when patient post-surgical follow-up cannot be guaranteed.
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