No abstract

Background-Gastric stump cancer (GSC) is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, and consequently the prognosis is poor. Aims-To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of GSC at an early stage to assist in its identification, and thereby improve its prognosis. Methods-Forty three patients with resected early GSC were compared with 156 patients with resected primary early cancer in the upper third of the stomach. Results-Sixty five per cent (28/43) of the early GSC patients showed the elevated type endoscopically, although the frequency of the depressed type in GSC has tended to increase in the past five years. This occurred in less than 26% (40/156) of the primary early cancers. Half of the early GSCs were located on the lesser curvature (47%), and revealed diVerentiated adenocarcinoma (81%) histologically. The male:female ratio of early GSC cases was about 6:1, which was much higher than that in patients with primary early cancer. The five year survival rates of patients with early GSCs and early primary cancers were 84% and 95%, respectively. GSC had a favourable prognosis, if it was detected at an early stage. Conclusion-To detect early GSC, our results suggest that special attention should be given to elevated as well as depressed lesions on the lesser curvature of the stomach, particularly in men, during endoscopic examinations. (Gut 1998;43:342-344)

Endoscopic mucosal resection is an useful option for complete removal of colorectal nonpolypoid adenomas and cancers.

The proportion of COX-2 to COX-1 expression was elevated in most human colorectal cancers and adenomas, but not in hyperplastic polyps. Therefore, the increased proportion of COX-2 expression might be an early event in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer.

These results suggest that early rectal carcinomas should be resected surgically if they 1) show massive submucosal invasion, 2) are classified as moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas, and 3) are larger than 10 mm in diameter. In patients with both scanty submucosal invasion and features of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma or intramucosal carcinoma and if no other risk factors for LN metastasis are present, such as lymphatic invasion by the primary lesion, surveillance may suffice after endoscopic resection.