Regardless of degree of independence of patients' ADLs, caregiver burden was severe. To decrease caregiver burden, it is necessary to use care services, reduce care time, and allow caregivers free time. In addition, it is possible to continue long-term home care by maintaining their relationships.
We recommend the following movements for low back pain patients dependent on their stage of impairment. In the early stage of exercise, the pull-down exercise in a sitting position with handgrip width adjustments for exercise of the front muscles. With advance of stage, the handgrip width can be narrowed and the exercise can start in the standing position. For the back muscles, pull-up movement can be performed in a sitting position in the early stage, and pull-up movement in a standing position can be performed in subsequent stage. The handgrip width does not influence the pull-up exercises.
Urinary incontinence is a troubling disease that makes it difficult for patients to live a normal life. Rapid detection of urinary incontinence could allow many patients with this condition to feel more confident about going out. Therefore, our goal is to develop a urinary incontinence detector based on a light-emitting diode and a photodiode. Here, we describe the development and testing of a prototype model. The photosensor is driven by a 9 V battery and consists of an ordinary electrical circuit, a light-emitting diode (lambda max = 950 nm), a photodiode (spectrum 750-1200 nm), a comparator and, a compact motor. Light transmission through the underwear was changed by soaking with liquids. This phenomenon was measured using a digital voltmeter. The urinary incontinence sensor was placed on a dummy. Liquids were drained into the shorts. These increased in voltage from 3.73 V to 8.78 V, which caused the motor to vibrate. These results show that the prototype sensor can be used to detect urinary incontinence.
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