A case of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma with widespread metastases to liver and bones in a cadaver renal transplant recipient is reported in this article. The patient underwent a kidney transplant at the age of 43 and was treated with various immunosuppressive agents after surgery. Twelve months after the transplantation, multiple tumors were found in the liver, and the patient died 8 months later. Pathological examination at autopsy revealed renal cell carcinoma with a sarcomatoid component in the right native kidney and metastases to liver and bones. It is unusual for renal cell carcinoma to undergo sarcomatous transformation and to metastasize to the liver before reaching other organs. We speculate that immunosuppressants may have altered malignant cell proliferation, invasion, and the form of metastasis in this case.
Hemoglobin, cytochrome, catalase, and peroxidase belong to the same iron-porphyrin complex. T h e or e 11(7) stated in 1951 as follows : " The names catalase and peroxidase derive from an earlier time, when the mechanism of action of these enzymes could not, of course, be fully understood ; we know today that there is little reason to consider them to be different classes of enzymes : they are both hemo
Keywords: phagocytosis/macrophages/chondroitin sulfates/phorbol esters ABSTRACT. Resident macrophages which were harvested from the mouse peritoneal cavity showed the attachment activity to opsonized erythrocytes (OE) without the treatment of chondroitin sulfates (CSA) or phorbol esters. Phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or phorbol 12,13-diacetate) rapidly activated an opsonin-dependent erythrophagocytosis in resident macrophages, whereas CSAslowly activated it in vivo and in vitro. An additive effect of phorbol esters was observed in macrophageswhich were cultured with CSAin vitro or stimulated by the intraperitoneal injection of CSAfor 1 or 2 day(s). In the case of macrophages stimulated by the intraperitoneal injection of CSAfor 3 or 4 days the erythrophagocytic activity was at very high level and the additive effect of phorbol esters vanished. These results indicate that CSAplays a role in the induction of opsonin-dependent ingestion activity of resident macrophages.
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