Non-invasive prenatal diagnostic methods posing no danger to the embryo have been desired for many years in the field of prenatal medicine. We are in the process of improving the lectin method that we developed for recovering fetus-derived nucleated red blood cells (NRBC) in the maternal peripheral blood. We previously used Ficoll density-gradient centrifugation for preliminary concentration in the lectin method. In the present study, we developed a molecular filter method, compared it with the Ficoll method, and tested its applicability to prenatal diagnosis. We tested the usefulness of a high molecular filter method for preliminary concentration. First, in a basic study, we prepared three kinds of non-woven cloth (NWC1-3) and a multi-porous filter (MP) to determine the optimal filter. Next, we compared the recovery rates of the Ficoll and filter methods as preliminary concentration methods in 34 normal pregnant women. Then, to examine whether the recovered NRBC were derived from the fetus, we attempted prenatal diagnosis by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique in 12 women pregnant with a male fetus (determined later by ultrasound) at between 8 and 16 weeks of gestation. Among the four devices used in the basic study of the high molecular filter method, NWC-2 had the best recovery rate. Therefore, we compared the numbers of NRBC recovered by the lectin method after preliminary concentration with NWC-2 or by Ficoll centrifugation, and found that the mean recovery rate of NWC-2 was 4.2 +/- 5.0 times as high as that of the Ficoll method, indicating that the NWC-2 filter method is superior as a preliminary concentration method. Next, FISH analysis of the 12 pregnant women with a male fetus for the Y chromosome showed that 19.5 +/- 12.8 NRBC were recovered, in 12.7 +/- 8.1 (63.6%) of which a Y signal was confirmed, suggesting the NWC-2 filter method can be applied to prenatal diagnosis. We consider the filter-lectin method to be a superior method for isolation and recovery of NRBC in the maternal blood which can be applied to prenatal diagnosis.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Second‐line Chemotherapy for ovarian cancer not from short term efficacy but from the survival rate. Patients and Methods: Eighty‐seven patients with epitherial ovarian cancer treated with Second‐line chemotherapy from 1993 were examined retrospectively. All the patients were treated with platinum as first line chemotherapy (≥ 3 courses). Paclitaxel was used for Second‐line Chemotherapy in 25 patients. The Kaplan‐Meier Method and Log‐Rank Test were carried out for the cumulative survival rate and analysis. Results: The Median Survival Time of all patients after Second‐line Chemotherapy was 23.6 months. Any significant difference in the survival rate was recognized only by the histological diagnosis (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the survival rates whether patients were treated with paclitaxel as second line chemotherapy or not (p = 0.1915). The disease free survival period of the Second Look Laparotomy (SLL) negative group (23.9 months) is longer than that of SLL positive group (6.2 months). Conclusions: The survival rate after Second‐line Chemotherapy was influenced only by histological diagnosis. ACTA OBST GYNAEC JPN Vol. 54, No. 9, pp. 1429–1436, 2002
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