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Background Gastric cancer (GC) patients with peritoneal metastasis are defined as stage IV in the Japanese classification of GC. For patients with peritoneal metastasis limited to positive peritoneal lavage cytology (CY1) and/or localized peritoneal metastasis (P1a), gastrectomy followed by S1 monotherapy is one of the most widely accepted therapeutic strategy in Japan. This study investigated the efficacy of preoperative chemotherapy as initial treatment in GC patients with CY1 and/or P1a. Methods We retrospectively reviewed GC patients diagnosed with CY1 and/or P1a at 34 institutions in Japan between 2008 and 2012. Selection criteria were: adenocarcinoma, no distant metastasis except CY1 or P1a, and no prior treatment. The subjects were divided into an Initial-Chemotherapy group and an Initial-Surgery group, according to the initial treatment. Results A total of 824 patients were collected and 713 eligible patients were identified for this study. As the initial treatment, 150 patients received chemotherapy (Initial-Cx), and 563 patients underwent surgery (Initial-Sx). Initial-Cx regimens were cisplatin plus S1/docetaxel plus cisplatin plus S1/others (n = 90/37/23). Both overall survival (OS) and progressionfree survival (PFS) were similar between the Initial-Cx and Initial-Sx groups (median OS 24.8 and 24.0 months, HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.87-1.3; median PFS 14.9 and 13.9 months, HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.85-1.27). The 5-year OS rates were 22.3% in the Initial-Cx group and 21.5% in the Initial-Sx group. Conclusions Although, the preoperative chemotherapy did not show a survival benefit for GC patients with CY1 and/or P1a, initial-Cx showed favorable survival in patients who converted to P0 and CY0.

Because second primary malignancy developed often after achieving CR by dCRT for ESCC, it should be followed carefully.

Background While uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 is a key enzyme in the metabolism of irinotecan, relationship between UGT1A1 genotype and safety and efficacy of irinotecan monotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer is not clarified. Methods Efficacy and safety in advanced gastric cancer patients, who were tested for UGT1A1*6 and *28 genotype and treated with irinotecan monotherapy as third-line treatment from 2009 to 2014, were evaluated according to the UGT1A1*6 and *28 genotypes. Results Among 74 patients of the subjects, the genotypes of UGT1A1 were wild-type (WT) in 37 patients (50%), single heterozygosity (SH) in 27 (36.5%) and double heterozygosity or homozygosity (Homo/DH) in 10 (13.5%). The initial dose of irinotecan was reduced in 10 patients (27%) with WT, in 9 (33%) with SH, and in 7 (70%) with Homo/DH. Median overall survival was 6.9 months, 6.3 months, and 2.8 months in the WT, SH and Homo/DH genotypes, associated with median time to treatment failure of 2.4 months, 2.3 months, and 1.3 months, respectively. Among 36 patients with measurable lesion, disease control rates were 47.6%, 41.7% and 33.3% in the WT, SH and Homo/DH genotypes. Grade 3 or higher adverse events of special interest were neutropenia (13%, 22%, and 64% for the WT, SH and Homo/DH genotypes), febrile neutropenia (2%, 7%, and 50%) and diarrhea (6%, 5%, and 21%). Conclusions The UGT1A1 polymorphism may be related to the clinical outcomes of irinotecan monotherapy as the third-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer.