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Ved lenking til artikkelen skal det lenkes til post i Brage IMR, ikke direkte til pdf-fil.This is the author's last version of the article after peer review and is not the publisher's version, usually referred to as postprint. You will find a link to the publisher's version in Brage IMR. It is recommended that you obtain the references from the publisher's site.Linking to the article should be to the Brage-record, not lear vacuoles and goblet cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia (4 -8) .
39Furthermore, substituting vegetable oils (VO) for fish oil (FO) 40 ingredients naturally decreases the high n-3:n-6 PUFA ratio of 41 a carnivorous fish's evolutionary consistent diet (9) . Alteration 42 of the dietary n-3:n-6 PUFA ratio can subsequently affect 43 the production of potent bioactive lipidic mediators of inflam-44 mation, termed as 'eicosanoids', which are synthesised from 45 C20 PUFA in cellular membranes (10) .
46In opposition to mammals, EPA (20 : 5n-3) predominates . Abbreviations: AA, arachidonic acid; ANF, anti-nutritional factor; COX-2, cyclo-oxygenase-2; cPLA 2 , cytosolic phospholipase A 2 ; DGLA, dihomo-g-linolenic acid; FM, fishmeal; FMFO, control diet of 100 % FM and 100 % fish oil; FO, fish oil; PLA 2 , phospholipase A 2 ; PP, plant protein; Tris, 2-amino-2-hydroxymethylpropane-1,3-diol; VO, vegetable oil; 40PP70VO, 40 % PP and 70 % VO replacement in diet; 80PP35VO, 80 % PP and 35 % VO replacement in diet; 80PP70VO, 80 % PP and 70 % VO replacement in diet.
Havforskningsinstituttets institusjonelle arkiv
Brage IMR -
Institutional repository of the Institute of Marine Research b r a g e i m rDette er forfatters siste versjon av den fagfellevurderte artikkelen, vanligvis omtalt som postprint. I Brage IMR er denne artikkelen ikke publisert med forlagets layout fordi forlaget ikke tillater dette. Du finner lenke til forlagets versjon i Brage-posten. Det anbefales at referanser til artikkelen hentes fra forlagets side.
Ved lenking til artikkelen skal det lenkes til post i Brage IMR, ikke direkte til pdf-fil.This is the author's last version of the article after peer review and is not the publisher's version, usually referred to as postprint. You will find a link to the publisher's version in Brage IMR. It is recommended that you obtain the references from the publisher's site.Linking to the article should be to the Brage-record, not directly to the pdf-file.
Foto: Leif NøttestadFish Physiology and Biochemistry Stress and expression of cyclooxygenases (cox1, cox2a, cox2b) and intestinal eicosanoids, in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar.--Manuscript Draft-- Abstract: Prostaglandin H synthetases (cyclooxygensases) catalyze the initial reactions leading to prostanoids in animals. They form interesting links between diet and fish physiology as the type and nature of eicosanoids are affected by dietary lipid sources. Their expression is likely to be affected by tissues and also altered environmental conditions leading to altered amount and ratio of eicosanoids. These mechanisms are however poorly understood in fish. In the present study, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar (1000g, 10°C, seawater) were subjected to acute chasing stress. Liver, kidney, spleen, gill, muscle, midgut and hindgut were extracted before and 1h post stress and analyzed for mRNA expression of cox1, cox2a and cox2b. Intestinal samples were furthermore sampled over 24h for both cox expression and eicosanoid content. Results show a highly variable but consecutively expression of cox1, cox2a, cox2b in most tissues analyzed. Low levels were only found for cox2a in liver and cox2b in liver and kidney. The study reveals the general trend that cox1 is about 10 times the level of cox2b which again is about 10 times the level of cox2a. Cox2b shows the highest level of expression in the gills indicating a possible higher requirement for this protein in gills. Imposing stress to the fish induce a temporal increase in the expression of cox2a in the midgut while the gene expression of the other genes is not affected in any of the tissues analyzed. There is however a general tendency to increased expression of both cox2 genes that merits further studies. Stress had a profound effect on the intestinal eicosanoid content which showed a general decrease in midgut sections after stress that persisted for at least 24h.
Response to Reviewers:We have checked the manuscript for spelling erros. For the notations of genes and proteins as suggested by the referee, we have doen the following, which is the current convention on labelling. We ...
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