Spinodal decomposition is a ubiquitous phenomenon leading to phase separation from a uniform solution. We show that a spinodal decomposition occurs in a unique combination of two rutile compounds of TiO2 and VO2, which are chemically and physically distinguished from each other: TiO2 is a wide-gap insulator with photocatalytic activities, and VO2 is assumed to be a strongly correlated electron system which exhibits a dramatic metal–insulator transition at 342 K. The spinodal decomposition takes place below 830 K at a critical composition of 34 mol % Ti, generates a unidirectional composition modulation along the c axis with a wavelength of approximately 6 nm, and finally results in the formation of self-assembled lamella structures made up of Ti-rich and V-rich layers stacked alternately with 30–50 nm wavelengths. A metal–insulator transition is not observed in quenched solid solutions with intermediate compositions but emerges in the thin V-rich layers as the result of phase separation. Interestingly, the metal–insulator transition remains as sharp as in pure VO2 even in such thin layers and takes place at significantly reduced temperatures of 310–340 K, which is probably due to a large misfit strain induced by lattice matching at the coherent interface.

sistent with the initial stages of the general adaptation syndrome. 92. We thought it was apparent that the differences which we described were those between the control and experimental groups, and not differences among animals within each group. In any event, application of the electric field produced the same alteration in the distribution of serum proteins in three consecutive experiments, thereby establishing the electric field as the causitive factor.3. There were no differences in the initial weights between the experimental and control groups in any experiment. Kaufman and Miller have performed their calculation employing weights of the experimental and control animals which were recorded on different days.4. Other work has demonstrated that the biological effects which we observed could not possibly be attributed to any aspect of the manner in which the animals were housed. ~0,1~

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The results of the prospective study define the rate of occurrence of combined LSCS and PAD using ABI and TBI tests for the first time, and the findings suggest that screening for PAD should be conducted in LSCS patients. ABI and TBI tests are necessary for PAD screening in outpatients, whereas observation of the arterial pulse in the lower extremities is necessary but not sufficient for PAD diagnosis.

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