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We measured the serum concentration of lidocaine after transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block with 40 ml of 1% lidocaine in 12 patients under general anesthesia, using a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. The peak mean serum concentration of lidocaine occurred 30 min after the block (3.6 +/- 0.7 microg x ml(-1)). The highest concentration of lidocaine (5.microg x ml(-1)) was recorded 15 min after the block. These results indicate that a TAP block can potentially cause systemic toxicity of a local anesthetic. The analgesic effect of the TAP block may partially depend on the rise in serum concentration of the local anesthetic.

Parental presence during induction of anesthesia enhanced the effect of oral midazolam on emergence behavior of children undergoing general anesthesia.

Alterations in autonomic activity caused by anaesthesia can be assessed by spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRVA This study examined the effects of ketamine and midazolam on HRV. Thirty patients of ASA PS 1 were studied. Fifteen were given ketamine (2 mg" kg -t) and 15 received midazolam (0.3 rag" kg-~), iv. The RR intervals of ECG were measured before and after induction of anaesthesia for ten minutes during spontaneous respiration. Power spectral density of the data was computed using fast Fourier transform. The spectral peaks within each measurement were calculated" low frequency area , high frequency area , and totai power (TP, Beat-to-beat variations in heart rate (HR) reflect the dynamic responses of the cardiovascular control system to naturally occurring physiological perturbations. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate feedback CAN J ANAESTH 1995 / 4

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