The importance of heavy oils in the world market for petroleum has increased very quickly in the last years. The reserves of heavy oils in the world are estimated at 3 trillion barrels, while reserves of light oils have reduced progressively in the last decade. The high oil viscosity creates major problems in the production and transportation of the oil. This situation leads to the high pressure and power required for its flow, overloading and damaging the equipment, increasing the cost of production. Due to the need to develop new alternatives that will make the production and transport of heavy oil economically viable, this work has the objective to study, numerically, the behavior of isothermal multiphase flow (heavy oil and water), type "core flow", in pipelines, using the software CFX ® 3D. The pressure drop was determinated to a core-flow in a pipe with 7 in. diameter, 2.7 Pa.s oil viscosity and water at environment temperature. Results of the pressure, velocity and volume fraction distributions of the phases are presented and analyzed. It was verified that the pressure drop was reduced 58 times when compared to that obtained with oil flow alone in the pipe.
The objective of this study was to investigate numerically heat and mass transport during drying of grains with particular reference to bean and rough rice. The proposed mathematical models based on the Fick’s and Fourier’s Laws consider constant physical properties and convective boundary condition at the surface of the solid. The solutions of the governing equations were performed using ANSYS CFX®software. The grains were regarded as an ellipsoid of revolution. Results of the drying and heating kinetics and moisture content and temperature distributions in the grains along the drying process are presented and analyzed.
Water uptake studies of composite materials reinforced with vegetable fibers shows that they are highly sensitive to environmental influences such as water and temperature. The presence of moisture leads to impregnation and imperfect interfacial fiber-matrix adhesion, which generate internal stresses porosity and premature system failure. Accordingly, the aim of this work is to study theoretically water absorption in unsaturated polyester composites reinforced with caroá fiber (Neoglaziovia Variegata) at 25, 50 and 70°C by using a transient 3D mathematical model via ANSYS CFX® Software. The samples has composition 30% caroá fiber/70% unsaturated polyester resin and dimensions 6 x 20 x 20 mm3. Results of the average moisture content and moisture content distribution during the water uptake are presented and analyzed. Comparison between numerical and experimental data of the average moisture content showed good agreement. It can be concluded that the water absorption rate is faster in the vertex region of the composites, and mainly at higher temperature.
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