This study attempted to integrate theories of intimacy and differentiation with previously studied relationship variables to generate a predictive model of marital satisfaction. Findings from this study supported intimacy and spousal support as strong variables in predicting marital satisfaction but found no relationship between differentiation and marital satisfaction. Length of marriage, children, age, prior cohabitation, division of labor, and income were not found to be significant predictors of satisfaction.
This study focused on the relational conflict cycle within the relational restoration model proposed by Sells, Beckenbach, and Patrick. The model is drawn from contextual family theory, object relations theory, and the emotional focus theory. Participating couples (N ¼ 215) completed a demographic questionnaire and four assessments measuring conflict, pain, defense, and injury. This study provides empirical evidence supporting the relational conflict model and contributes to the understanding of relational conflict processes. The significant findings have implications for both relational research and couples counseling.
topic. Psychotherapy with abused women
purpose. To contrast the usefulness of several models of psychotherapy with abused women
source. Review of the literature and clinical experience of the authors
conclusions. Because marital counseling often focuses on the violence as a product of the couple system rather than oppression of the woman, the authors recommend individual counseling to address developmentally determined feelings of helplessness. The goal of this psychotherapy is empowerment.
The needs of female clients are explored with regard to gender preference, outcome studies, counseling relationships, development, sociopolitical oppression, and counselor qualities necessary for effectiveness.
Research has shown an increase in the study and discussion of international counseling throughout the past decade in the mental health domain. The counseling profession continues to take steps to address the lack of access to and the quality of counseling support throughout the world. A Q-sort methodology was utilized in order to capture an understanding of what might be identified as the most important traits for counselors to consider when counseling in international settings. A uniquely constructed Q-sort model developed from a careful review of the literature resulted in 35 items that were evaluated by 43 participants in two phases of analysis. The results from the Q-sort led to fuller consideration of the 12 counseling traits ranked highest. Three core themes that emerged from the data included: valuing people, personal character, and multicultural intentionality. Discussion about the highest ranked traits and core themes provides consideration of research implications and future studies in international counseling as a whole.
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