Data have increasingly shown that interlukin-24 (IL-24) has growth suppression activity and can induce apoptosis in a broad spectrum of tumor cells. However, the therapeutic effect of IL-24 on human neuroblastoma has rarely been explored. In this study, we used a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) to reveal the effect of adenovirus-mediated IL-24 (Ad-IL24) gene therapy for neuroblastoma. We showed that Ad-IL24 effectively inhibited the proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells in vitro by conspicuously inducing apoptosis. To further explore the molecular mechanism by which Ad-IL24 induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y tumor cells, we found that Ad-IL24 increased the expression of Bax and promoted the activation of caspase-3, while decreasing Bcl-2 levels. We also demonstrated that Ad-IL24 significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo in a xenograft neuroblastoma tumor in athymic nude mice. In summary, Ad-IL24 overexpression exerted potent antitumor activity via inducing apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. Therefore, IL-24 has the potential to serve as an agent for gene therapy in the treatment of neuroblastoma.
The pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is not well understood but immunological factors are thought to be key determinants of the disease appearance and its prognosis. During the course of the present study, different groups of newborn infants were observed and tested, to obtain an accurate image of values of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines at the onset, development and progression of neonatal NEC and to compare the values to those obtained during normal healthy development. All the infants in the study received standard medical treatment as appropriate. Initially, all the low birth weight premature infants born between June, 2014 and June, 2015 were tested on days 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 after birth, to obtain serum values of platelet activating factor (PAF), interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-10. In total, 150 low birth weight premature infants were included, and the incidence of NEC was 6.67% (10/150). For the comparison studies, 10 premature NEC infants of low birth weight, 15 premature normal infants, and 15 full-term normal infants born during the same period were enrolled in the study. The serum values of PAF, IL-1, TNF-α and IL-10 for these infants were detected on the same days after birth. PAF, IL-1 and TNF-α levels began to increase on days 1–3 after birth in premature infants, reached a peak on days 7–10, and declined to normal levels on days 14–21. Comparison differences in premature and full-term infants were statistically significant (P<0.01). Interleukin-10 began to increase on days 7–10 after birth in premature infants and reached a peak on days 14–21. Comparisons among premature and full-term infants at the given time points showed the differences were also statistically significant (P<0.01). The differences in values of the above inflammatory cytokines in the infants that died and the values in the survivors were not statistically significant (P>0.05). In conclusion, pro-inflammatory factors PAF, IL-1, TNF-α and anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 may be important in the pathogenesis of NEC, and monitoring their levels in blood can be useful in the prediction of the occurrence of disease. Nevertheless, these levels are not useful as prognostic markers.
This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of miR-338-3p and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in neuroblastoma. Putative target interaction regions of miR-338-3p on MMP-2 were predicted by miRcode and miRbase bioinformatics tools. Relative expression of miRNA-338-3p and MMP-2 in neuroblastoma tissues and GI-LI-N and SK-N-SH cells was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction experiment. Furthermore, the cell proliferation was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, the cell apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry assay, and the cell invasion was evaluated by transwell assay. miR-338-3p expression was downregulated, whereas MMP-2 expression was upregulated in metastasis tissue site compared to that in primary tissue site in total. Furthermore, miR-338-3p overexpression suppressed proliferation, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of neuroblastoma cells but promoted apoptosis, and the knockdown of MMP-2 triggered similar effects. Furthermore, MMP-2 was directly targeted by miR-338-3p, and overexpression of MMP-2 rescued the inhibitory effects of miR-338-3p on human neuroblastoma cell progression. Collectively, these data demonstrated that miR-338-3p could suppress cell growth, invasion, and EMT pathway and induce apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells by targeting MMP-2. MiR-338-3p sponged MMP-2 to regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway in human neuroblastoma cells.
ObjectiveTo investigate different outcomes and long-term efficacy of transanal Soave or Swenson surgery in treatment for neonates with Hirschsprung’s disease (HD).MethodsIn the present study, a total of 29 neonatal patients were included, with 20 patients undergoing the Soave procedure and nine patients undergoing the Swenson procedure. Data collected from the patients included basic demographics, age and weight at the time of operation, pathological typing, type of operation, operative time, blood loss, length of hospital stay, bowel function, and complications. The follow-up lasted for 5 years for all patients via the outpatient clinics or by telephone. Results were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 18.0.ResultsThe age, weight, and pathological type of patients with different surgical approaches showed no significant difference. The operation time and blood loss of patients who underwent Swenson procedure were significantly lower than those who underwent Soave procedure; P<0.05. However, intraoperative complications showed no significant difference between the two groups; P>0.05. Bowel function (Rintala score) and postoperative complications in the two groups also showed no significant difference when evaluated 3 months after the surgery; P>0.05. Patients were followed-up for a 5-year period at 3 months, 6 months, 2 years, and 5 years after surgery, respectively. Results showed that complications and bowel function recovery during the 5-year follow-up showed no significant difference between the two methods.ConclusionThe operation time and blood loss of the transanal Swenson pull-through procedure was lower than transanal Soave method; however the long-term outcomes of the two methods showed no significant difference. These results may give more clinical evidence in this field.
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