Effects of pressure exerted on the skin by elastic cord on the core temperature, body weight loss and salivary secretion rate were studied under conditions of ambient temperature of 35 degrees C and a relative humidity of 60%. Twelve healthy females, aged 18-23 years, served as subjects. The subjects entered a bioclimatic chamber and rested quietly in a chair for 80 min. Then, skin pressure was exerted by applying elastic cord (8.5 mm wide) to six different skin areas, such as axilla, under-bust, waist, inguines, thighs and ankles. The values of skin pressure by elastic cord ranged from 11.9 to 33.3 g/cm(2). In the control experiment, wrapping with an elastic cord was loosely performed without any skin pressure. Rectal and skin temperatures, body weight loss by sweating and salivary secretion rate were measured throughout the 160 min experimental period. Core temperature increased more significantly under pressure exerted on the skin. Body weight loss by mainly sweating and salivary secretion rate were significantly suppressed under pressure exerted on the skin. We discussed the physiological mechanisms in terms of suppression of central nervous activity as to why significant increase of core temperatures, inhibition of body weight loss mainly by sweating and of salivary secretion rate occurred, and furthermore practical significance of these findings for impairment of digestion, swallowing, vocalizing, defense against disease bacteria and sport activity.
The work described in this paper investigates the effects of two types of clothing leaving the legs covered or uncovered, on seasonal warm acclimatization in women. Experiments were carried out to observe the differences in thermal responses between two groups of subjects who dressed themselves in trousers or knee-length skirts during the daytime for 3 months from April to June. Rectal temperatures in the subjects wearing skirts were found to be shifted to higher levels when the season gradually became warmer from spring to summer. The results suggest that the clothing type worn in daily life may play an important role in the seasonal warm acclimatization of thermal responses in humans.
(CV+)[Ni(dmit)2]·1/2(C6H6) (1) and (BF+)[Ni(dmit)2] (2) (dmit = 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolato, CV+ = cation of Crystal Violet, BF+ = cation of Basic Fuchsin) were prepared and characterized by X-ray crystal structural analysis. In the crystal structure of 1, the Ni(dmit)2 unit was bent at Ni in a V shape with an angle of 13.7° and tetrahedral distortion of 8.8° around Ni was also present that originated from the steric effect of the propeller-shaped CV cation. In the case of 2, BF and [Ni(dmit)2]− formed an independent stacking column in which [Ni(dmit)2]− were stacked alternately rotated with an angle of 90° to each other. 1 and 2 exhibited semiconducting behavior with room-temperature conductivities of 2.9 × 10−7 and 9.0 × 10−5 S cm−1, respectively.
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