No abstract

Inflammation increases the abundance of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), leading to enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO), which can modify proteins by S-nitrosylation. Enhanced NO production increases the activities of the transcription factors p53 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in several models of disease-associated inflammation. S-Nitrosylation inhibits the activity of the protein deacetylase SIRT1. SIRT1 limits apoptosis and inflammation by deacetylating p53 and p65 (also known as RelA), a subunit of NF-κB. We showed in multiple cultured mammalian cell lines that NO donors or inflammatory stimuli induced S-nitrosylation of SIRT1 within CXXC motifs, which inhibited SIRT1 by disrupting its ability to bind zinc. Inhibition of SIRT1 reduced deacetylation and promoted activation of p53 and p65, leading to apoptosis and increased expression of proinflammatory genes. In rodent models of systemic inflammation, Parkinson’s disease, or aging-related muscular atrophy, S-nitrosylation of SIRT1 correlated with increased acetylation of p53 and p65 and activation of p53 and NF-κB target genes, suggesting that S-nitrosylation of SIRT1 may represent a proinflammatory switch common to many diseases and aging.

The application of robot to rehabilitation has become a matter of great concern. This study deals with an aercase or restoration of function being one of important ready been achieved with some automatically controlled machines. Now, the multi-joint aercise becomes desirable, which requires the exercise robot with mvltidegrees of m o m to generate more realistic motion pattern. This kind of robot has to be absolutely safe for human. A pneumatic actuator may be so eflective for such a robot because of the flexibility from air cornpressibiliCy that a rubber artificial muscle manipvlator pneumatically driven is applied to construct the exercise robot with two degrees of freedom. Also an impedance control strategg is employed to realize various exercise motion modes. firther. an identification method of the recovery condition is proposed to execute the eflective rehabilitation. Some experiments show the availability of proposed rehabilitation robot system.