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Novel copolymers containing the indolo [3,2-b]carbazole (INC) moiety were synthesized, and the effects of the INC content on their physical properties were investigated. The homopolymer of the INC-containing monomer, 1-octyl-7-(4-vinylbenzyl) indolo [3,2-b]carbazole and copolymers with styrene were prepared by radical polymerization. Four kinds of copolymers with different compositions were obtained. The glass transition temperatures (Tgs) were observed in the range of 101-112 1C, and the decomposition temperatures were nearly 400 1C. The photonic properties of the copolymers were also evaluated in solution in tetrahydrofuran and for spin-coated films on a fused silica substrate. In the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra, maximum absorption peaks were observed at 340-345 nm in both the solutions and the films. In the case of the solutions, the photoluminescence intensities of the copolymers increased with increasing INC monomer units in the copolymer. On the contrary, the photoluminescence intensities of the copolymer films decreased with increasing INC content in the copolymer, which is likely due to the concentration quenching caused by the condensation of intermolecular interactions derived from INC components. The copolymer with a low content of the INC moiety exhibited high emission and good film-forming ability.

The findings suggest that a reduction in insulin sensitivity induces a poor response of sympathetic nervous activity in the postprandial phase and a reduction in postprandial energy expenditure.

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Thin TaS 2 has been prepared by the van der Waals growth technique coupled with the chemical vapor transport technique using the I 2 agent. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and mica, which have layered crystal structures, were used as substrate materials. Thin TaS 2 was grown on layered substrates sealed in a quartz ampoule. A high-resolution X-ray diffractometer with a four-crystal monochrometer revealed that very thin 2H-TaS 2 film was grown on the surface of the Ag/BN substrate at 300 C, where Ag was evaporated on the h-BN substrate surface prior to the film growth. As for the mica substrate, very thin 2H-TaS 2 was grown on the substrates with and without Ag modification.