Endovascular treatments are employed for cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage, which is not responded to the medical treatments. However, the effect or complication of the treatments is not known well. Here, we analyzed the data of Japanese Registry of Neuroendovascular Therapy 2 (JRNET2) and revealed current status of the endovascular treatment for the cerebral vasospasm. JR-NET2 is conducted from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009. Information on the clinical status, imaging studies, treatment methods, the results of treatment, and status 30 days later were recorded. Totally 645 treatments for 480 patients (mean age, 59.4 years; 72.7% woman) were included. Factors related to the neurological improvement and treatment related complications were statistically analyzed. Treatments for ruptured cerebral aneurysm were direct surgery for 366 cases and endovascular treatment for 253 cases. The timing of the endovascular treatment for the cerebral vasospasm was within 3 hours in 209 cases, 3–6 hours in 158 cases, and more than 6 hours in 158 cases. Intra-arterial vasodilator was employed for the 495 cases and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for 140 cases. Neurological improvement was observed in 372 cases and radiological improvement was seen in 623 cases. The treatment related complication occurred in 20 cases (3.1%), including 6 cases of intracranial hemorrhage, 5 cases of cerebral ischemia, a case of puncture site trouble, and 8 cases of others. Statistical analysis showed early treatment was related to the neurological improvement. Current status of endovascular treatment for cerebral vasospasm was revealed. Endovascular treatment was effective for vasospasm especially was performed early.
BackgroundAlthough the effects of the trauma center(TC) were researched in several studies, there have been few studies on changes in the regional mortality due to the implementation of a TC. An emergency medical center (EMC) and TC were implemented at Nagasaki University Hospital (NUH) for the first time in the Nagasaki medical region of Japan in April 2010 and October 2011, respectively, and they have cooperated with each other in treating trauma patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on the early mortality at population level of a TC working in cooperation with an EMC.MethodsThis is a retrospective study using standardized regional data (ambulance service record) in Nagasaki medical region from April 2007 through March 2017. We included 19,045 trauma patients directly transported from the scene. The outcome measures were prognosis for one week. To examine the association between the implementation of the EMC and TC and mortality at a region, we fit adjusted logistic regression models.ResultsThe number of patients of each fiscal year increased from 1492 in 2007 to 2101 in 2016. The number of all patients transported to NUH decreased until 2009 to 70, but increased after implementation of the EMC and TC. Overall mortality of all patients in the region improved from 2.3% in 2007 to 1.0% in 2016.In multivariate logistic regression model, odds ratio of death was significantly smaller at 2013 and thereafter if the data from 2007 to 2011 was taken as reference.ConclusionsImplementation of the EMC and TC was associated with early mortality in trauma patients directly transported from the scene by ambulance. Our analysis suggested that the implementation of EMC and TC contributed to the improvement of the early mortality at a regional city with 500000 populations.Level of evidenceLevel III.
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare, systemic necrotizing vasculitis of small and medium size arteries that leads to aneurysms in various organs. Aneurysms associated with PAN are common in visceral arteries, however, intracranial aneurysms are rare, especially in childhood. A pediatric patient with PAN developed serial hemorrhagic strokes from a ruptured superior cerebellar artery aneurysm (subarachnoid hemorrhage) and a de novo aneurysm of the frontoorbital artery (intracerebral hemorrhage) after 9 months. Patients with PAN who present with intracranial aneurysms are candidates for intervention even if the aneurysm is unruptured and still small, and close observation is needed to detect de novo aneurysms in patients with chronic history of PAN.
Aim:We aimed to create a system for monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) in patients with prehospital cardiopulmonary arrest and clarify the changes in rSO2 during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods:We measured rSO2 in cardiopulmonary arrest patients who were transferred by the emergency response vehicle of Nagasaki University Hospital. We developed a portable rSO2 monitor (HAND ai TOS), which is small enough to carry during prehospital treatment. The sensor is attached to the forehead of the patient and monitors rSO2 continuously during treatment and transfer.Results: No difficulties were experienced in monitoring rSO2 during patient treatment and transfer. Median time (interquartile range) from the emergency medical service call to emergency response vehicle arrival was 15.0 min (11.0-19.5 min). Median rSO2 on emergency response vehicle arrival at the scene was 46.3% (44.0-48.2%) (n = 9; median age, 74.0 years; four men, five women). Median rSO2 showed significant increase within 5 min after return of spontaneous circulation (n = 6, 46.6% versus 58.7%, P < 0.05). There was no significant increase in rSO2 during prehospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation until return of spontaneous circulation was established. Conclusions:We developed an rSO2 monitoring system for use during prehospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The monitoring system showed a significant increase in rSO2 after return of spontaneous circulation, whereas there was no significant increase in rSO2 during cardiopulmonary resuscitation after intubation but before return of spontaneous circulation.
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