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Although neural and mesenchymal stem cells have been well-known to have a strong glioma tropism, this activity in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has not yet been fully studied. In the present study, we tested tumor tropic activity of mouse iPSCs and neural stem cells derived from the iPSC (iPS-NSCs) using in vitro Matrigel invasion chamber assay and in vivo mouse intracranial tumor model. Both iPSC and iPS-NSC had a similar potent in vitro tropism for glioma conditioned media. The migrated iPSCs to the gliomas kept expressing Nanog-GFP gene, suggesting no neuronal or glial differentiation. iPSCs or iPS-NSCs labeled with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine were intracranially implanted in the contralateral hemisphere to the GL261 glioma cell implantation in the allogeneic C57BL/6 mouse. Active migration of both stem cells was observed 7 days after implantation. Again, the iPSCs located in the tumor area expressed Nanog-GFP gene, suggesting that the migrated cells were still iPSCs. These findings demonstrated that both iPSCs and iPS-NSCs had potent glioma tropism and could be candidates as vehicles in stem cell-based glioma therapy.

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A relationship between seizures and intracranial pressure (ICP) has been proposed, but not clearly identified. Whether changes in ICP can evoke seizures remains controversial. We report the case of a 23-year-old man who had undergone shunt surgery in childhood and later presented with focal impaired awareness seizures and behavior arrest. Seizures were uncontrolled despite 3 years of pharmacotherapy, but suddenly stopped after shunt removal. Our case supports the hypothesis that drug-resistant epilepsy can be influenced by changes in ICP. In particular, this case indicates that elevations in ICP may help reduce some seizures.

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