The proposed software system provides a user-friendly, correct and precise work context for oral implant planning, avoiding similar software common errors. The 3D environment can be also exploited in the final surgical phase, in order to provide a flapless surgical guide, through the use of an anthropomorphic robot.
Most software systems for oral implantology are based on a multi-view approach, often accompanied with a 3D rendered model. A more integrated and realistic 3D approach for implant surgery – also guaranteeing correctness in measures - is desirable, in order to gain a deep and sure knowledge of patient’s anatomy before inserting the implants, thus reducing the risk of damaging surrounding structures. We present a 3D software system where computer graphic techniques have been used to create a smooth and user-friendly 3D environment to work upon for oral implant planning and simulation. Interpolation of the axial slices is used to produce a continuous radiographic volume and to get a isotropic voxel, in order to achieve a correct work context. Freedom of choosing, arbitrarily, during the planning phase, the best cross-sectional plane for achieving correct measurements is obtained through interpolation and texture generation. Correct orientation of the planned implants is also easily computed, by exploiting a radiological mask with radio-opaque markers, worn by the patient during the Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Measurements precision was validated considering different scans of a dried human partially edentulous mandible, which was scanned several times, with different angular orientations. Precision achieved (from 0.14% to 0.84% of absolute value of error) outperforms usual DentaScan multi-view approaches one, and it is even better than the one previously obtained by the DentalVox tool
This paper describes the last step of a fully 3D approach in which implant planning can be done in a 3D environment, and the correct position, orientation and depth of the planned implants are easily computed and transferred to the surgical phase.
Most software systems for oral implantology are based on a multi-view approach, often accompanied with a 3D rendered model. A more integrated and realistic 3D approach for implant surgery is desirable, in order to gain a deep and sure knowledge of patient's anatomy before inserting the implants, thus reducing the risk of damaging surrounding structures. We present a 3D software system where computer graphic techniques have been used to create a smooth and user-friendly 3D environment to work upon for oral implant planning and simulation. Interpolation of the axial slices is used to produce a continuous radiographic volume and to get a isotropic voxel, in order to achieve a correct work context. Freedom of choosing, arbitrarily, during the planning phase, the best cross-sectional plane for achieving correct measurements is obtained through interpolation and texture generation. Correct orientation of the planned implants is also easily computed, by exploiting a radiological mask with radio-opaque markers, worn by the patient during the Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Precision in measures was validated by considering different scans of a dried human partially edentulous mandible, which was scanned several times, with different angular orientations. Precision achieved outperforms usual DentaScan multi-view approaches, and it is comparable with or better than that obtained by the DentalVox tool (from 0.16% to 0.71% error in measures). Medical Imaging; CT; Image Processing and Display; 3D Environment; Image representation analysis and measurements
The proposed algorithm makes it possible to handle and correct anisotropy in input CT datasets, helping to avoid anisotropy implied systematic effects on related measurements, and consequently supporting pre-operative planning software by providing a precise and isotropic equivalent volume on which to work.
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