An effective and straightforward method has been developed for the synthesis of new olefinic derivatives of ferrocene that contain tetrazole rings. The method is based on condensation of 1formyl-, 1,1′-diformyl-, or (E)-1-(2-formylvinyl)ferrocene with 1substituted [(triphenylphosphoranylidene)methyl]-1H-tetrazoles, which are readily prepared by treatment of the corresponding phosphonium salts with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The olefination reaction proceeds in a diastereoselective manner with formation of the corresponding (E)-alkenes or (E,E)-dienes as the exclusive or major products.
The process of formation of the energy field by the explosion of a conical charge has been mathematically simulated. The features of the development of the energy field, depending on the point of initiation of the truncated cone explosive charge, were determined. The complex nature of the use of a charge at the bottom of a borehole with an intermediate conically-shaped detonator is discussed. Possible technological directions for using a charge with a complex shape are proposed.
The review discusses the products of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene reactions which have explosive properties or are potentially high-energy compounds. The following compounds are discussed: trinitrobenzene, cyanotrinitrobenzene, trinitroxylene, aminotrinitrotoluenes, trinitronitromethylbenzene, methylene bis(2,4,6-trinitrobenzene), hexanitrostilbene, nitromethyldiphenylamines, 4,4’,6,6’-tetranitro-2,2’-azoxytoluene and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzylideneamine derivatives. The synthesis pathways are provided for all compounds and the detonation parameters are presented for selected compounds.
For almost three decades, the engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) due to their reactivity, unique sorption, catalytic, electronic, optical and magnetic properties, have been the subject of extensive research. The results show that these materials can provide a new tool for the remediation of contaminated aquatic ecosystems (surface and groundwater), sediments, soils, military training grounds and waste recycling areas, including electronic waste. In-situ remediation technologies using composites containing metal nanoparticles, mainly zero-valent iron particles (n-ZVI) are becoming more common. The solutions disclosed in numerous publications and patent applications show their applicability, igher effectiveness and lower costs of remediation processes compared to the conventional methods.
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