Objetivo: Estudiar la asociación entre la restricción de movilidad y la salud mental en personas adultas jóvenes de Ecuador. Método: Estudio transversal que incluyó una muestra no probabilística de personas adultas jóvenes con alto nivel de educación. Los datos sociodemográficos y de salud mental se recolectaron entre mayo y junio de 2020, cuando el confinamiento fue obligatorio, usando una encuesta en línea. Los datos sobre movilidad se extrajeron de Google Community Mobility Reports. Se evaluaron cuatro aspectos de la salud mental: alimentación emocional, depresión, calidad de sueño y sentido de coherencia como proxy de resiliencia, usando instrumentos previamente validados. Los datos se analizaron con modelos de regresión lineal múltiple usando R. Resultados: La muestra incluyó 8426 jóvenes, con una edad media de 22,85 años (desviación estándar: 4.43), mujeres en su mayoría (n = 5943, 70.53%). Durante el confinamiento obligatorio, la movilidad se redujo aproximadamente un 50%. Comportamientos alimentarios menos saludables, depresión, peor calidad del sueño y menor sentido de coherencia se asociaron con mayor restricción de movilidad a lugares de trabajo y pequeños comercios o farmacias. Mujeres y jóvenes mostraron con mayor frecuencia depresión, conductas alimentarias menos saludables, peor calidad del sueño y menor sentido de coherencia. Conclusiones: Las restricciones de movilidad durante la pandemia de COVID-19 se asociaron con una peor salud mental en personas adultas jóvenes con alto nivel de educación. Mujeres y jóvenes fueron los más afectados. Es necesario implementar medidas de promoción de la salud dirigidas a paliar los efectos del confinamiento en la salud mental, especialmente en mujeres y jóvenes.
Purpose: To explore the effects of mobility restriction on the mental health of Ecuadorian young adults. Methods: The current is a cross-sectional study that included 8426 young adults. Socio-demographic and mental health data were collected through an online survey during May and June 2020 in Ecuador. Data on mobility was extracted from Google Mobility Reports. Four aspects of the participants’ mental health were evaluated: eating behavior (emotional eating), depression, sleep quality and sense of coherence using previously validated instruments. Data were analyzed using linear regression using R. Results: Mean age of the participants was 22.85 (SD = 4.43), most of whom were women (n = 5943, 70.53%). During mandatory confinement, mobility due to retail and recreation, to groceries and pharmacies, to parks, to transit stations, to workplaces were reduced by nearly 50%. In contrast, mobility to places of residence increased by nearly 20%. A reduction in mobility to workplaces was associated to less healthy eating behavior, depression and worse sleep quality. Less healthy eating behavior was also associated to decreased mobility due to recreation and retail and increased mobility to transit stations. Sense of coherence was not associated to changes on mobility. Women and youngsters more often showed depression, less healthy eating behavior, worse quality of sleep and lower sense of coherence. Conclusion: Mobility restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic has negative effects on people's mental health. Prevention and health promotion measures directed to ameliorate the effects of confinement on mental health should target risk populations including women and youngsters.
Purpose: To explore the effects of mobility restriction on the mental health of Ecuadorian young adults. Methods: The current is a cross-sectional study that included 8426 young adults. Socio-demographic and mental health data were collected through an online survey during May-June 2020 in Ecuador. Data on mobility was extracted from Google Mobility Reports. Four aspects of the participants’ mental health were evaluated: eating behavior (emotional eating), depression, sleep quality and sense of coherence using previously validated instruments. Data were analyzed using linear regression using R. Results: Mean age of the participants was 22.85 (SD = 4.43), most of whom were women (n = 5943, 70.53%). During mandatory confinement, mobility due to retail and recreation, to groceries and pharmacies, to parks, to transit stations, to workplaces were reduced by nearly 50%. In contrast, mobility to places of residence increased by nearly 20%. Less healthy eating behavior was associated with lower mobility to retail/recreation, residential or workplaces. Depression was associated with lower mobility to residential and workplaces. Worse quality of sleep was associated with lower mobility to retail/recreation, residential and workplaces. Higher sense of coherence was associated with higher mobility to residential and to workplaces. Women and youngsters more often showed depression, less healthy eating behavior, worse quality of sleep and lower sense of coherence. Conclusion: Mobility restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic has negative effects on people's mental health. Prevention and health promotion measures directed to ameliorate the effects of confinement on mental health should target risk populations including women and youngsters.
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