Document VersionEarly version, also known as pre-print Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA):Chen, Y., Trier, F., Wijnands, T., Green, R. J., Gauquelin, N., Egoavil, R., ... Pryds, N. (2015). Extreme mobility enhancement of two-dimensional electron gases at oxide interfaces via charge transfer induced modulation doping. Nature Materials, 14(8) Supplementary Information, Fig. S1). For all samples, with the d-LAO film thickness up to 20 nm, atomic force microscopy (AFM) images show regular surface terraces with a step height of 0.4 nm (Fig. 1b), similar to that of the original STO substrate and indicating uniform film growth. Representative samples were investigated further by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Our subsequent spectroscopic measurements reveal dramatic electronic reconstruction in the LSMO-buffered samples. Firstly, different from the unbuffered d-LAO/STO sample where the 2DEG is coupled strongly to a large content of oxygen vacancies extending more than 3 nm deep into STO 24 , all buffered samples show a rather low content of Ti 3+ far below the detection limit of our in situ X-ray photoelectron
Porous magnesium-aluminium layered double hydroxides (LDH) were prepared through intercalation and decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This process generates oxygen gas nano-bubbles that pierce holes in the layered structure of the material by local pressure build-up. The decomposition of the peroxide can be triggered by microwave radiation or chemically by reaction with iodide (I−) ions. The carbonate LDH version [Mg0.80Al0.20(OH)2](CO3)0.1∙mH2O was synthesized by microwave-assisted urea coprecipitation and further modified by iodide or H2O2 intercalation. High resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy (HR-SEM) and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) analysis were used to assess the morphology and surface area of the new porous materials. The presence of H2O2 in the interlayer region and later decomposition triggered by microwave radiation generated more pores on the surface of the LDH platelets, increasing their specific surface area from initially 9 m2/g to a maximum of 67 m2/g. X-Ray Diffraction showed that the formation of the pores did not affect the remaining crystal structure, allowing possible further functionalization of the material.
We demonstrate that combining standing-wave (SW) excitation with resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) can lead to depth resolution and interface sensitivity for studying orbital and magnetic excitations in correlated oxide heterostructures. SW-RIXS has been applied to multilayer heterostructures consisting of a superconductor La 1.85 Sr 0.15 CuO 4 (LSCO) and a halfmetallic ferromagnet La 0.67 Sr 0.33 MnO 3 (LSMO). Easily observable SW effects on the RIXS excitations were found in these LSCO/LSMO multilayers. In addition, we observe different depth distribution of the RIXS excitations. The magnetic excitations are found to arise from the LSCO/LSMO interfaces, and there is also a suggestion that one of the dd excitations comes from the interfaces. SW-RIXS measurements of correlated-oxide and other multilayer heterostructures Ø Introduction:In our Supplemental Material, we present detailed x-ray optical and structural characterization of the two samples studied: La 1.85 Sr 0.15 CuO 4 /La 0.67 Sr 0.33 MnO 3 (LSCO/LSMO) multilayers grown on SrOterminated SrTiO 3 (STO)--as discussed in detail in the main text, and TiO 2 -terminated STO--a less regular multilayer that nonetheless exhibits standing-wave excited inelastic resonant x-ray scattering (SW-RIXS) results that qualitatively support the conclusions in the main text, but at the same time illustrates SW fine structure that can complicate the interpretation of the results.
Introduction: Advances in chemotherapeutic regimens have improved pediatric ALL survival rates from less than 10% in the 1960s to approximately 90% currently (Hunger et al NEJM 2015). Asparaginase (ASP), as a component of the multi-agent chemotherapy regimen has become a cornerstone treatment for ALL. Pegaspargase (Oncaspar, PEG) is a pegylated asparaginase with sustained asparaginase activity, offering less frequent administration and associated with less treatment-related anxiety compared to native E.coli L-asparaginase (Place et al Lancet Oncol 2015). Due to the ample amount of data available for PEG, a systematic literature review and quantitative synthesis of evidence was previously performed to assess the relative benefit of PEG versus native ASP in newly diagnosed ALL patients in terms of event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) (Kilpatrick et al ICPE 2016). The main objective of this investigation was to update the literature review by identifying additional relevant scientific clinical evidence of PEG in first line treatment of ALL in pediatric patients, and to expand the investigation to include adult patients. Methods: All available evidence for newly diagnosed patients treated in pediatric and adult ALL protocols using PEG or native ASP was identified using a search algorithm. Randomized, observational and cohort studies were included. Outcomes were EFS and OS. Safety/immunogenicity was also examined. Feasibility was then explored in this order: direct comparison meta-analysis (MA) if at least two head-to-head trials were found, indirect comparison (network MA) if a common comparator could be identified or separate product MAs (pooled estimates) of PEG and native ASP using a random effects model. The individual product MA was analyzed for two important variables: risk category (standard & high risk) and by distinct age groups. Pooling was conducted, assuming normality, using the software Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, version 2. Results:There were 62 and 30 studies that met pre-specified inclusion criteria for abstraction for pediatric and adult populations, respectively. Some identified studies in both populations provided data for both asparaginases. Therefore, in pediatrics: 39 studies provided data for PEG and 41 for nativeASP, in adults: 10 studies provided data for PEG and 23 for nativeASP. Direct MA was not feasible as only one head-to-head study was identified. Also due to lack of common comparator, indirect MA was infeasible. Pooled estimate of EFS and OS data for pediatric ALL patients treated with PEG or native ASP is shown in table 1 below. Forest plot with pooled estimate of 5-year OS in adult ALL patients treated with PEG or native ASP is presented in figure 1, categorized by age group when available. Overall safety was consistent with product class for both asparaginases. Conclusions: A systematic literature review and quantitative synthesis constitute an important approach to critically appraise relevant research. Consistent with published data, better outcomes were observed in pediatric than adults patients. The result from this updated research synthesisdemonstrates a positive effectiveness profile of PEG in the treatment of newly diagnosed ALL patients with less frequent administration. Disclosures Lebedinsky: Shire: Employment. Hale:Shire: Employment. Patel:Shire: Employment. Casamayor:Shire: Other: Vendor; Quintiles: Employment. Wijnands:Shire: Other: Vendor; Quintiles: Employment. Desai:Shire: Employment.
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