Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), caused by rubella virus infection during pregnancy, remains a public health concern in developing countries. Three to five per cent of all suspected CRS cases in India have been proven to be a rubella infection. Only about 45%-60% of pregnant women and infants in India receive the rubella vaccination. We present a case of a preterm female infant who tested positive for the rubella virus. The baby was born with low birth weight and, on examination, showed pallor and hepatosplenomegaly. She was detected to have an ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) and a large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on echocardiography. On ophthalmic examination, she was diagnosed with bilateral cataract. She was treated with diuretics, and she underwent surgical correction for PDA. With this case we intend to present the literature, clinical manifestations and management of CRS. We will also focus on prevention, vaccination and disease burden in India..
A 56-year-old female, with no known pre-morbidities, was admitted for evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding. Patient had attained menopause at the age of 50 years, and she had recently noticed spotting over 10-15 days, prior to the admission. On general examination, patient was short statured, with a height of 120 centimeters. Upper and lower body segments were disproportionate and were in a ratio of 1:1 as compared to the normal adult ratio of 0.9. Multiple oral and bony deformities were noted. Patient had an abnormal dentition, with small poorly formed teeth. Gingival sulcus was narrow. She gave history of having used a set of dentures since childhood. She also gave history of having undergone minor procedures in the past for removal of 'additional adherent tags' between the lips and gums.
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