The preparation of the fibrous ion exchangers containing cellulose as reinforcement is studied. Monomer mixtures, such as methacrylic acid-divinyl benzene, are impregnated in di-or triacetate fibers, and polymerized in-fiber. After hydrolysis of the cellulose acetate fibers, though in some cases the hydrolysis is not necessary, ion exchange groups are introduced. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) Each type of fibrous ion exchanger, i.e. strong acidic cation exchanger, weak acidic cation exchanger, strong basic anion exchanger, and weak basic anion exchanger, is obtained in good fibrous conformation. 2) The ion exchange capacities measured agree well with the values calculated on the quantity of the polymer introduced in the original fibers. 3) The water swelling property is controllable by changing the degree of crosslinking (DVB %), but for the low degree of crosslinking, it is also influenced by the quantity of the polymer introduced.
The preparation and characteristics of fibrous ion exchangers composed of vinyl polymers, for example, a strong basic cation exchanger based on styrene-divinylbenzene are studied.After the impregnated monomer mixture is polymerized in-fiber, the original fiber is dissolved away and ion exchange groups are introduced. For such polymerization process, acetate fiber is found to be suitable as the fiber matrix.Monomer mixtures studied are styrene-divinyl benzene, vinyl benzyl chloride -divinyl benzene and methy metacrylate-divinylbenzene.The fiber matrix is dissolved away by treating with 50 wt% H2 SO4 at 85 C for 4 hours. Accord ing to the above processes, various fibrous ion exchangers, namely, strong acidic cation exchanger, weak acidic cation exchanger, strong basic anion exchanger and weak basic anion exchanger are prepared.The characteristics of these fibrous ion exchangers are clarified as follows.(1) Fiber forms of the fibrous ion exchangers are essentially the same as that of acetate fiber.(2) Relations between ion exchange capacity, degree of crosslinking and water swelling ratio are essentially the same as those found to corresponding resinous ion exchangers.
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