Patient vital sign monitoring within hospitals requires the use of non-invasive sensors that are hardwired to bedside monitors. This set-up is cumbersome, forcing the patient to be confined to his hospital bed thereby not allowing him to move around freely within the hospital premises. This paper addresses the use of wireless sensor networks for monitoring patient vital sign data in a hospital setting. Crossbow MICAz motes have been used to design a robust mesh network that routes patient data to a remote base station within the hospital premises. A hospital care giver can have access to this data at any point in time and doesn't have to be physically present in the patient's room to review the readings. The network infrastructure nodes are self-powered and draw energy from overhead 34W fluorescent lights via solar panels. The sensor nodes can be interfaced to a variety of vital sign sensors such as electrocardiograms (ECGs), pulse-oximeters and blood pressure (BP) sensors. In order to verify a completely functioning system, a commercial BP/heart-rate monitor (BPM) was interfaced to a wireless sensor node. The sensor node controls the BPM to initiate a reading, then collects the data and forwards it to the base station. An attractive graphical user interface (GUI) was designed to store and display patient data on the base station PC. The set-up was found to be extremely robust with low power consumption.
Extensions and enhancements are proposed for a monitoring station consists of a wireless node acting as the previously developed system to remotely monitor patient vital wireless network's base station and a host PC running a signs. This previously developed network utilizes Crossbow graphical user interface (GUI) to display the incoming data. MICAz motes to create a wireless network to gather data, We call this our "local network", as the range is limited to which is sent to a central monitoring station. It includes a the immediate location of the wireless sensor nodes.graphical user interface to store and display incoming measurements for all patients being monitored. Here the This paper describes our efforts to widen the range of range of the network is extended by interfacing a GSM modem our local network by developing a GSM interface to the to the wireless sensor base station, allowing critical data to be existing system. The initial implementation allows the forwarded anywhere in the world and providing a remote forwarding of critical readings from the local network to a query mechanism via the existing cellular infrastructure. Text care provider's cellular phone, and allows the care provider messaging using Short Message Service is used as the t communication interface. A priority message handling layer to remotely request data from the local network. All is added to the current protocol to insure delivery of critical requests and information are passed using the established data to the monitoring station and from there to medical cellular Short Message Service (SMS) protocol. The system personnel via the existing cellular infrastructure. is further enhanced by adding a priority message layer to the existing routing protocol. This allows the system to insure successful delivery of critical messages from the patient to the central monitoring station.
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