Background Vitamin D has immunomodulating properties. Objective To determine if vitamin D deficiency within 30 days of admission to the intensive care unit in patients with sepsis might be associated with increased all-cause 30-day mortality. Methods In a retrospective cohort study at a large, tertiary, urban, academic medical center, records of patients who had 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels measured within 30 days of admission for severe sepsis or septic shock from June 2006 to April 2011 were examined. Patients were considered deficient in vitamin D if its serum concentration was 15 ng/mL or less. The primary outcome of interest was 30-day mortality. Results Among the 121 patients in the sample, 65 (54%) were vitamin D deficient. Baseline demographics were similar between vitamin D deficient and nondeficient groups, except that the vitamin D deficient group had more African Americans (P = .01). All-cause 30-day mortality was significantly higher in patients deficient in vitamin D (37% vs 20%; P = .04) and remained higher at 90 days (51% vs 25%, P = .005). In multivariate analysis, age (odds ratio, 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.07; P = .01) and vitamin D deficiency (odds ratio, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.39–18.8; P = .02) were independently associated with increased 30-day mortality. Conclusion Patients deficient in vitamin D within 30 days of hospital admission for severe sepsis or septic shock may be at increased risk for all-cause 30-day mortality.

Objectives:The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle (SEP-1) assesses antibiotic administration, lactate measurement, and blood culture collection within 3 h of severe sepsis onset. The impact of the SEP-1 3-hour bundle among patients with severe sepsis is not extensively described. This investigation aimed to describe the impact of 3-hour bundle compliance on 28-day in-hospital mortality in patients with severe sepsis.Study Design: This was a retrospective, propensity adjusted, nested case-control study assessing the impact of compliance with a 3-hour sepsis bundle among patients with severe sepsis.

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