The ECSIT project analyses how innovative inspection technologies can lead to an enhanced container security and how these technologies can be embedded into a holistic concept. It has the goal to analyze the possibility and feasibility for 100% scanning of all containers which are shipped to US ports and to develop a concept for integrating necessary infrastructure. A key element of the entire concept is the scanning technology itself. MeV X-ray technology using a linear accelerator as radiation source provides the feasibility to visualize the content of a container without opening it. If a 2-D radiography is ambiguous, a 3-D evaluation of the respective location could be conducted. MeV X-ray computed tomography (CT) is such a method to provide 3-D information of the content of a container. In the context of ECSIT, Fraunhofer EZRT has developed the concept of such a continuative high energy X-ray scanning stage and evaluated its application to sea freight containers. In this paper different approaches for measuring a 3-D tomographic volume data set of objects which are very heavy and thus difficult to move in arbitrary directions will be discussed. Three different geometrical principles for data acquisition were evaluated: laminography, limited angle CT, and a gantry CT. The volume data sets were reconstructed by using a standard filtered back projection and different algebraic reconstruction techniques (ART). Real 3-D volume data of large objects measured with the set-up described above are presented. As test objects a real container packed with various typical goods like furniture or consumer electronics as well as simulated threats like a bomb mock-up was used
Translational x-ray CT generally allows for reconstructing images with adequate quality. However, the image quality suffers from the lack of data compared to conventional 180° acquisition methods and, due to the irregular sampling of Radon space, spatial resolution as well as artifacts depend on the position within the image.
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