The Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) measures the frequency of positive and negative affect. It consists of two subscales, one for positive and one for negative affect with six adjectives each and assesses a broad range of emotions. In this study, the psychometric properties of the German version of the scale were explored with reliability and confirmatory factorial analysis by using a German sample of N = 498. To examine the convergent validity of the SPANE we correlated its subscales with other well-being and happiness measures. Retest-reliabilities were tested after four weeks, taking into account the occurrence of emotionally significant life events. The scale was also applied to evaluate a training of subjective well-being and in a study on text comprehensibility. The results confirmed the postulated two-factor structure of the SPANE and showed good psychometric properties and convergent validity. In conclusion, the German version of the scale behaves in accordance with the original scale and may be used in future studies of well-being.

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Teachers’ health is a persistent challenge for educational systems all over the world. Moreover, research results – especially in the domain of positive psychology – indicate that high levels of well-being are associated with additional benefits improving teachers’ professional performance. Therefore, a training to foster subjective well-being with one training day, two booster sessions, and exercises before, during, and after the meetings was developed. It consisted of about 10 h of face-to-face time and about 3 h for the exercises in total over a 5-week training period. Main contents were conditions and consequences of positive and negative emotions and well-being, emotion regulation, time management, savoring and gratitude and the application of positive psychological interventions (like Three Good Things). Analyses of planned contrasts by means of a waiting control group design with three measurement points (pre, post, and follow-up) showed a significantly higher increase for the training group (n = 42) than for the control group (n = 47) in the frequency of positive emotions, life satisfaction, and flourishing (interaction effects d = 0.44, d = 0.31, and d = 0.32) and a significantly stronger decrease in the frequency of negative emotions, perceived stress, and experiencing emotional exhaustion (interaction effects d = 0.69, d = 0.51, and d = 0.47) from pre to 1-month follow-up. Training effects were also visible up to 5 months, although no control group could be realized for this period due to the field approach.

Production in mechanized tunneling frequently encounters disruptions due to sensitive process interdependencies. Reasons can be technical failures, insufficient capacity dimensioning, organizational deficiencies, or sensitive supply chains. These unproductive times could be reduced by an adequately designed project setup including logistical aspects. Therefore, possible disturbances must be identified and analyzed in detail. Based on this investigation, the machine and logistics setup can be changed to cope with unforeseen events. We present a modeling and simulation approach to analyze production and logistic processes of mechanized tunneling processes in a transparent and understandable way. The system is formalized in the modeling standard SysML. Thereby, we consider relevant system elements and process interdependencies to assess the effect of disturbances and to identify bottlenecks. We distinguish three kinds of disruptions: (i) technical failure of main elements related to the production processes, (ii) issues resulting from an insufficient supply chain, and (iii) cascading disturbances. The implementation in a simulation environment and the processing of relevant input data are presented hereupon. The presented approach is then illustrated by means of an application example based on a completed metro project. Three extending simulation studies quantify the impact of the identified disturbance categories.

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