Tuberkulosis dan Diabetes adalah kondisi penyakit yang saling berkaitan sehingga diperlukan terapi agresif untuk mengatasinya. Adanya Drug Related Problems (DRPs) yang terjadi dapat mempengaruhi outcome pengobatan pasien Tuberkulosis-Diabetes Mellitus (TB-DM). Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan terjadinya DRPs dan outcome pengobatan pasien TB-DM. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kohort retrospektif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan consecutive sampling melalui catatan rekam medik pasien TB-DM pada 9 Puskesmas di Kota Malang. Sejumlah 100 kasus pasien TB-DM yang menjalani pengobatan tahun 2017 hingga 2020 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi selanjutnya dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok yang mengalami DRPs dan kelompok pasien yang tidak mengalami DRPs sejumlah masing-masing 48 pasien dan 52 pasien. Jenis DRPs mengikuti klasifikasi Cipolle 2004. Outcome pengobatan dinilai berdasarkan hasil tes BTA (Bakteri Tahan Asam) pada akhir masa pengobatan bulan kedua. Analisis data menggunakan statistik Chis-quare dilanjutkan analisis multivariat untuk menganalisis adanya variabel perancu yang diprediksikan dapat mempengaruhi outcome pengobatan pada penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara kejadian DRPs dan outcome pengobatan pasien (p-value <0,05). Pasien dengan DRPs 5,41 kali lebih beresiko mengalami kegagalan terapi dibandingkan dengan pasien yang tidak mengalami DRPs (RR 5,417; 95% CI, 1,994-14,713). Keterlibatan farmasi klinis sangat diperlukan untuk mencegah dan menyelesaikan masalah terkait obat serta monitoring pengobatan pada pasien TB-DM yang ada di Puskesmas sehingga luaran pengobatan menjadi optimal
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis will cause pain and death if not treated properly. OAT (Antituberculosis Drugs) is a treatment for tuberculosis patients. OAT has different dosage regimens and types of drugs. Treatment of TB patients consists of two phases (intensive and continuation phases). The continuation phase was at to kill dormant bacteria to prevent recurrence in patients. The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate the pattern of using OAT in patients newly diagnosed rwith smear-positive at the continuation phase. This study is an observational descriptive study with results showing that the pattern of using OAT-KDT in patients was 89% and OAT-Separated was 11%. The pattern of using the OAT-KDT dose was 1x3 2KDT tablets. Another combination of antibiotics given to the patient is cotrimoxazole at a dose of 1x960mg. The side effect of OAT is an increase in serum transaminase and nausea each with a percentage of 23%. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the pattern of using OAT in Tuberculosis patients has followed the guidelines for the management of Tuberculosis treatment.
ABSTRAK Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) saat ini termasuk salah satu masalah kesehatan yang menjadi perhatian tingkat nasional maupun global, peningkatan PTM erat kaitannya dengan konsumsi makanan mengandung tinggi kolesterol. Penyuluhan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi dan meningkatkan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat tentang komplikasi serta pencegahan kolesterol. Pelaksanaan penyuluhan dilakukan secara offline atau tatap muka langsung dengan peserta. Data pretes dan postes dengan uji shapiro-wilk didapatkan p<0,05 untuk pretes dan p<0,05 untuk postes, artinya data berdistribusi tidak normal karena P>0,05. Hasil uji wilcoxon menunjukkan <0,05 ar tidak terdapat kendala yang berarti. ABSTRACT Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) is currently one of the health problems that are a concern at the national and global levels, the increase in PTM is closely related to the consumption of foods containing high cholesterol. This counseling aims to provide education and increase knowledge to the public about complications and cholesterol prevention. The counseling is carried out offline or face to face with participants. Pretest and posttest data with Shapiro-Wilk test obtained p<0.05 for pretest and p<0.05 for posttest, meaning that the data is not normally distributed because P>0.05. Wilcoxon test results showed p<0.05 where there was a significant difference between pretest and posttest. This counseling was carried out well without any significant problems.
ABSTRAK Kolesterol merupakan lemak yang terdapat di dalam aliran darah atau sel tubuh. Kadar kolesterol normal berada dibawah nilai 200 mg/dl, apabila kadarnya melebihi 240 mg/dl maka dapat meningkatkan resiko penyakit Kardiovaskuler. Pada era saat ini, selain menggunakan obat-obatan dengan resep seperti obat anti-kolesterol, masyarakat juga dapat melakukan pengobatan sendiri (swamedikasi). Kesalahan penggunaan obat dan terapi yang tidak rasional menjadi salah satu hal yang dapat terjadi apabila pasien tidak dibekali dengan pengetahuan yang memadai mengenai pengobatan. Tujuan dari penyuluhan ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai obat – obat anti-kolesterol dan DAGUSIBU (Dapatkan, Gunakan, Simpan dan Buang). Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 42 perempuan lansia yang berasal dari sekitar daerah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan dan tanya jawab. Evaluasi hasil kegiatan diukur dengan menggunakan hasil kuesioner sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan penyuluhan (pre - test dan post - test). Dari hasil analisis didapatkan nilai rata-rata pretest sebesar 79,05 dan post-test sebesar 90,95. Data dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test dan didapatkan nilai p 0,01 (<0,05) maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan masyarakat sebelum dan setelah dilakukan penyuluhan sehingga dapat dikatakan penyuluhan ini efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat. ABSTRACT Cholesterol is the fat found in the bloodstream or body cells. Normal cholesterol levels are below the value of 200 mg/dl, if the levels exceed 240 mg/dl it can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. In this era, apart from using prescription drugs such as anti-cholesterol drugs, people could also take self-medication. Misuse of drugs and irrational therapy could happen if the patient is not equipped with adequate knowledge about treatment. The purpose of this outreach is to increase public knowledge about anti-cholesterol drugs and DAGUSIBU. This activity was attended by 42 elderly women from around the area. The method used is counseling, question and answer. Evaluation of activity results was measured using the results of questionnaires before and after counseling (pre-test and post-test). From the results of the analysis, the average value of the pre-test was 79.05 and the post-test was 90.95. The data were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and obtained p value of 0.01 (<0.05). In conclusion, there is a significant difference between public knowledge before and after counseling is carried out. Therefore, it could be said that counseling is effective at increasing public knowledge.
The use of traditional medicine in today's society is increasing with labels "back to nature" which is realized through the utilization of Indonesia's natural potential. Based on an incidental survey study in Klaten City, the affecting factor the use of traditional medicine in this region is knowledge and perception. Public knowledge related to the utilization of traditional medicine is assumed to be lacking because of the assumption that traditional medicine is much safer than chemical drugs. There is an assumption based on the side effects of traditional medicine being lower than chemical drugs. This study aims to assess the contribution of perception and knowledge to the use of traditional medicine. The research uses a cross-sectional study and the data collection instruments through questionnaires. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total of 1089 respondents. Data collection used a questionnaire instrument whose results were analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test. From these results can be concluded that types of knowledge involve definitions, type, efficacy, side effects, how to use, perceptions, convenience, currentness, and policy that can affect the use of traditional medicine. The results of data analysis show that the contribution of knowledge and perception to the use of traditional medicine has a coefficient of determination of 0.742
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