RESUMO OBJETIVO: Avaliar a ocorrência de infecção hospitalar por Pseudomonas aeruginosa e seu perfil de resistência em pacientes hospitalizados em um hospital oncológico em Belém-PA. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Tratou-se de um estudo observacional, retrospectivo e transversal realizado de janeiro a dezembro de 2017 em um hospital oncológico em Belém-PA. RESULTADOS: Foram detectados 175 (7,52%) isolados de P. aeruginosa de um total de 2.327 exames bacteriológicos positivos para bacilos Gram negativos (BGN). Desses pacientes com bacteremia por P. aeruginosa, 119 (68%) eram do sexo masculino e 56 (32%) feminino. A P.aeruginosa foi isolada com maior frequência em amostras do trato respiratório com 39,43% dos casos e no trato urinário com 33,14% dos casos, todas se apresentaram sensíveis a Colistina 100% e 70,69% das P. aeruginosa isoladas foram sensíveis aos carbapenens. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados mostraram que a ocorrência de infecções por P. aeruginosa apresentou seu ponto mais baixo no mês de abril com 5,22% de casos e seu ápice no mês de julho com 8,93% de casos, sendo isolada principalmente nos tratos respiratório e urinário com maior frequência em pacientes internados em centros de terapia intensivos, apresentando 100% de sensibilidade a Colistina e em seguida aos carbapenens.
Background: The Rapid Molecular Test (RMT) Gene Xpert is widely used as a control strategies and surveillance for tuberculosis (TB). In the region of the Americas TB incidence is slowly increasing, owing to an upward trend in Brazil, which is among the high TB burden countries (HBCs) ranking the 19th position. In this context, we aimed to: (i) describe the implementation and history of RMT-TB (Xpert® MTB/RIF and Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra) in Brazil; (ii) to evaluate the national RMT-laboratory distribution and TB and RIF detection by RMT-TB equipment (by year, by federal units and by region); and (iii) to correlate these data the Brazilian TB incidence. Methods: For this, we collected the quantitative data of Xpert® MTB/RIF and Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra assays, performed in the pulmonary TB investigation from 2014 to 2020, provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. A spatial visualization using ArcGIS software was performed. Results: The Southeast region allocated about double RMT-laboratories from 39.4% - 45.9% of the total value over five which is the number of regions. Regarding the federal units, the São Paulo state allocated alone from 20.2% to 34.1% (5.0 to 8.5 times the value) of RMT-laboratories depending on the year observed. There were significant differences (p < 0.0001) in the frequency of RMT-laboratory in all years of the historical series. There was an unequal distribution of RMT-laboratory between Brazilian regions and federal units. Conclusions: This alerts for the surveillance of rapid molecular detection of TB in different parts of the country, with the possibility of improving the distribution of tests in areas of higher incidence to achieve the disease control recommended by national and worldwide authorities.
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