The clinical significance and essential role of long non-coding RNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (lncRNA CRNDE) have been well illuminated in various cancers. However, the function of CRNDE in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) has not been reported at present. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of CRNDE in IHCC. Firstly, the relative expression of CRNDE was observed to be upregulated in IHCC cell lines and tissues. And high CRNDE expression was statistically associated with IHCC differentiation grade, lymph node metastasis, tumor-nodes-metastasis (TNM) stage and size. Survival analysis identified that high CRNDE expression is a predictor of worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with IHCC. Moreover, high CRNDE expression was identified as an independent risk factor of IHCC poor OS and PFS. Further studies of in vitro assays suggested that CRNDE silencing could suppress the proliferation of HuCCT1 cells following CCK-8 and colony formation assays, while CRNDE ectopic expression in HCCC9810 cells promoted proliferation. Moreover, the migration and invasion of HuCCT1 cells were greatly repressed with CRNDE deficiency following Transwell and Matrigel assays. Accordingly, the motility of HCCC9810 cells was notably accelerated with CRNDE overexpression. Mechanistically, CRNDE was revealed to facilitate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of IHCC cells. In conclusion, these observations indicated that CRNDE could promote the clinical progression and metastasis of IHCC by facilitating EMT. CRNDE may be a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target in IHCC.
This study aimed to investigate the association of matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 with microvessel density (MVD) in pancreatic cancer. The tumor tissues and para-tumor tissues of 30 patients with pancreatic cancer were pathologically examined. The normal pancreatic tissues of another 17 patients served as controls. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was examined using immunohistochemistry and scored. The association of MMP-2 and MMP-9 with the MVD values and pathological features were analyzed. The positive expression rates of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the tumor tissues were significantly higher than those in the para-tumor tissues (P < 0.01). In normal pancreatic tissues, both MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions were negative. The MVD values increased significantly along with higher tumor node metastasis stages (P = 0.04). The MVD values were positively correlated with MMP-2 scores (r = 0.563, P < 0.05) and MMP-9 scores (r = 0.451, P < 0.05). The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 is associated with angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer. MMPs might be used as prognostic factors and therapy targets for patients with pancreatic cancer.
We performed a retrospective chart review of 245 patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) to define factors linked to central lymph node metastasis and thus prognosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that being male (p < 0.001), age <45 years at diagnosis (p = 0.045), maximum tumor size > 5 mm (p = 0.030), multifocal tumor (p = 0.040) and tumor envelope invasion (p < 0.001) were all independent risk factors for central compartment lymph node metastasis. Unifocal lesions at the thyroid gland’s upper pole, middle and lower pole, had lymph node metastasis rates of 22.7%, 14.0% and 35.0%, respectively (p = 0.048). The rate of central lymph node metastasis was much higher when there was bilateral thyroid involvement than with multifocal unilateral lesions (58.6% vs 37.5%; p = 0.040). These results suggest that for patients at low risk of central lymph node metastasis, unilateral thyroid lobe and isthmus resection is sufficient. However, for patients at high risk of central lymph node metastasis, central lymph node dissection increases the likelihood of complete tumor excision.
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