Robust sub-millihertz-level offset locking was achieved with a simple scheme, by which we were able to transfer the laser frequency stability and accuracy from either cesium-stabilized diode laser or comb laser to the other diode lasers who had serious frequency jitter previously. The offset lock developed in this paper played an important role in atomic two-photon spectroscopy with which record resolution and new determination on the hyperfine constants of cesium atom were achieved. A quantum-interference experiment was performed to show the improvement of light coherence as an extended design was implemented.
We have determined the fundamental frequency of the cesium atom 6S-6D two-photon transition, for the first time, to our knowledge. Moreover, our high-resolution scheme made it possible to address the influence of the nuclear magnetic octupole on the hyperfine structure. We found that the octupole-interaction hyperfine constant deduced from the cesium 6D-level has a value nearly eight times larger than what has been deduced from the 6P-level.
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