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This paper examines damage to the cathode catalyst layer of a polymer electrolyte membrane ͑PEM͒ fuel cell caused by restriction of hydrogen access to a portion of the anode catalyst layer. The results show severe damage to the majority of the cathode catalyst behind the obstruction after 100 h of operation. A portion of the cathode catalyst layer near the outside edge of the obstruction remains undamaged.

This review summarizes the background and recent status of the fuel cell electric bus (FCEB) demonstration projects in North America and Europe. Key performance metrics include accumulated miles, availability, fuel economy, fuel cost, roadcalls, and hydrogen fueling. The state-of-the-art technology used in today's fuel cell bus is highlighted. Existing hydrogen infrastructure for refueling is described. The article also presents the challenges encountered in these projects, the experiences learned, as well as current and future performance targets.

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No abstract