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YouTube appears to be an unreliable resource for accurate and up to date medical information relating to rhinosinusitis. However, it may provide some useful information if mechanisms existed to direct lay people to verifiable and credible sources.

Management of acute tonsillitis within a secondary care setting largely consists of anecdotal or relatively low-quality evidence. Thus, much evidence from management comes from expert opinion or practice within a primary care setting. Management across the UK can also vary greatly. An evidence-based review of best practice has been presented here, but further evidence will be required in the future examining the significance of corticosteroids and antibiotic administration in this patient cohort specifically, ensuring practice is evidence based and clinically relevant.

Implementation of this treatment algorithm would help standardise management for epistaxis patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs, and should reduce morbidity associated with unnecessary routine discontinuation of such medication.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps is a common chronic condition. The exact cause of nasal polyps remains unknown. Recently, we made the novel observation of intracellular localization of Staphylococcus aureus within mast cells in nasal polyps. Objective: This follow-up study aimed to further characterize interactions between S aureus and mast cells in this setting and elucidate potential internalization mechanisms with particular emphasis on the role of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Methods: A prospective study was performed using an explant tissue model with ex vivo inferior turbinate mucosa obtained from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (n 5 7) and patients without CRS (n 5 5).

Reactive oxygen: a novel antimicrobial mechanism for targeting biofilm-associated infection, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.jgar.2016.12.006 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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