Proper hand hygiene is an important means of preventing nosocomial infections. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and hand hygiene practices among healthcare providers (HCPs) in

anemia were the major reasons for permanent (50.4%) and temporary (39%) deferral of donors. the ttIs rates were higher among male donors than female donors. conversely, more female donors were anemic (25.6%) compared to male (12.7%). Other reasons identified for donor deferral were underage (6.8%), underweight (2.4%), and hypertension (3.1%). conclusion: A donor deferral rate of 16% in this study is similar to that reported in other studies. However, the reasons for deferral differ reflecting differences in donor selection criteria.

BackgroundHigh red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is related to impairment of erythropoiesis, reflecting chronic inflammation and increased levels of oxidative stress, both of which are telltale signs of type 2 diabetics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the RDW and fasting blood sugar/blood pressure, and compare the results from diabetics with nondiabetic controls.MethodsThis was an unmatched case-control study involving 200 participants consisting of 100 diabetics and 100 nondiabetic controls. Blood (4.5 mL) was collected from all of the diabetics and nondiabetic controls, and placed into EDTA anticoagulant tubes. A full blood count was performed using the Sysmex KX-21N, a three-part auto analyzer able to run 19 parameters per sample, including RDW. Blood pressure was measured during sample collection and in a sitting position.ResultsThe mean fasting blood sugar level was 95.20±30.10 mg/dL in the controls, and 147.85±72.54 mg/dL in the diabetics. The mean blood pressures for diabetics was 138/90 mmHg and for non-diabetics 120/80 mmHg. The mean RDW-SD (RDW standard deviation) was 46.44±4.64 fl in the controls, and 46.84±3.18 in the diabetics. The mean RDW-CV (RDW coefficient of variation) was 14.74%±1.94% in controls, and 14.80±0.71 for diabetics. No statistically significant correlation was found between the RDW-SD and fasting blood sugar/blood pressure in the diabetics. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the RDW-CV and blood pressure in the diabetics.ConclusionA positive correlation between the RDW-CV and blood pressure was established in the diabetics in this study.

Iron deficiency is the major cause of anaemia in pregnancy and indeed the major cause of anaemia worldwide. 3 A study conducted among pregnant women in Northern Nigeria reported a prevalence of 64%, 4 a much higher prevalence of 95% was reported in Ghana. 5

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