Digital convergence, the growing complexity of subcontracting networks and the rise in new, unknown risks call for a new paradigm in information security management. Joint operation agreements between organizations as well as demands from third party actors, such as government and environmental activists, require novel information security management procedures that manage the associated information systems as a whole -from the political, social and legal point of view in addition to the traditional information security view. To tackle these uprising issues we propose holistic handling for risk management and information security management and assurance.
The proliferation of information technology has caused new challenging features for society. Modern information systems communicate with each other and create larger nets of systems. The focal systems in our society that maintain the core functions of a normal life must be reliable and robust. However, even these systems fail. Extensive studies about IT systems' dependability usually concentrate either on technical or on human-related issues. With this study we wanted to give a wide-ranging and general prospect of ITrelated problems in our society. We collected data from information system failures in society's infrastructure, and generated an overview of problems in our core systems. The outcome of our survey was the fact that most failures with IT are not hostile attacks or system internal problems, but rather problems in surroundings with socio-economic and technical issues in complex system-of-systems development, like a lack of large-scale, holistic risk analysis and collaboration.
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