Aims To analyze the association between personal health conditions (self‐rated health, physical function, and chronic conditions) and symptoms of depression in Indonesia. Methods Data were collected from the Indonesian family life survey 5. This study used a cross‐sectional study design with a sample size of 17,734 respondents. We included depressive symptoms, self‐rated health, physical function, chronic conditions, demographics and socioeconomic variables. The center for epidemiologic studies depression scale was used to measure symptoms of depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Results The results showed that 23.47% of respondents had depressive symptoms, 20.04% had poor self‐rated health, 55.93% had a poor physical function, and 32.37% had at least one chronic disease. Respondents who had poor self‐rated health, had poor physical function, or had a chronic condition were all had a significantly higher odds of experiencing symptoms of depression after controlling for demographic variables (age, sex, married, and education level), social‐economic, and smoking status. Conclusion Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with personal health conditions including self‐rated health, physical functioning, and chronic conditions among community residents. Strategies that can improve personal health conditions needed to be studied at the community level to improve the level of mental health.

Demographic factors have been reported to worsen COVID-19 outcomes. However, there is limited evidence about the different effects of sex and age on COVID-19 death in East Jakarta, Indonesia. This study examined the association between sex and age with COVID-19 mortality. Using COVID- 19 surveillance data of East Jakarta from March 2020 to December 2021, we calculated COVID-19 mortality and examined the risk of COVID-19 death by sex and age. The risk of COVID-19 death associated with sex and age was examined by using Multiple Logistic Regression. A total of 202.412 cases were analyzed and 1.9% of them died. The elderly had a 41.88-folds increased risk of COVID-19 mortality than younger patients (<45 years) (aOR 41.88; 95% CI 37.49-46.77; p-value <0.0001). Male had a higher risk of COVID-19 death compared to female (aOR 1.27; 95% CI 1.19-1.35; pvalue <0.0001). Age and sex had a significant association with COVID-19 mortality. Adequate management of COVID-19 cases, particularly in the elderly and male patients, may reduce the severity of COVID-19 or even mortality.

Lebih dari 50% pasien tuberkulosis memiliki indeks massa tubuh (IMT) yang rendah. Rendahnya IMT dapat memperburuk respon pengobatan dan memperbesar risiko gagal pengobatan. Studi kohort retrospektif ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan IMT dengan konversi sputum pada pasien tuberkulosis paru BTA positif. Studi dilakukan pada Desember 2013-Januari 2014 di poli paru RSUP Persahabatan dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 120 pasien (60 pasien dengan IMT < 18,5 kg/m2 dan 60 pasien dengan IMT >18,5 kg/m2). Sampel diambil secara konsekutif. Probabilitas kumulatif gagal konversi pada pasien tuberkulosis paru BTA positif adalah 17% dan 9,2% pasien mengalami gagal konversi. Pasien tuberkulosis paru BTA positif dengan IMT < 18,5 kg/m2 (24,4%) memiliki probabilitas kumulatif gagal konversi yang lebih besar dibanding pasien dengan IMT > 18,5 kg/m2 (9,3%). Pada pasien dengan IMT < 18,5 kg/m2, hazard rate konversi sputum semakin rendah jika peningkatan berat badan yang dialami pasien di akhir tahap intensif < 1 kg dibandingkan dengan pasien yang mengalami peningkatan berat badan > 1 kg. Analisis Regresi Cox menunjukkan bahwa IMT < 18,5 kg/m2 menurunkan peluang terjadinya konversi sebesar 37,8% (HR 0,622; 95% CI 0,389-0,995) setelah dikontrol kategori pengobatan, peningkatan berat badan di akhir tahap intensif, dan hasil sputum di awal pengobatan. Status gizi pasien selama pengobatan perlu ditingkatkan untuk menunjang keberhasilan pengobatan.Kata kunci: Indeks masa tubuh, konversi sputum, RSUP Persahabatan, tuberkulosis paru

Give only breast milk for the first six months is recommended for optimizing the infant's growth and development. In fact, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia is relatively low. This study was aimed to assess the survival probability of exclusive breastfeeding and identify the factors related to early breastfeeding cessation. This study used cross sectional design with sample of 1088 mothers of infants aged 6-12 months. Data were obtained from The Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) wave 5 that conducted in 2014-2015 and analyzed using survival analysis. The Life Table showed that half of exclusive breastfeeding cessation occurred in the first month of infant age, while the exclusive breastfeeding survival probability was 21.3%. The median duration of breastfeeding in Indonesia was 2.03 months. Cox Regression revealed that mother's education and place of delivery were associated with early breastfeeding cessation (p<0.05). The promotion programs of exclusive breastfeeding should be increase since the duration of breastfeeding among Indonesian mothers was relatively short.

Patients with chronic conditions often report sleep disturbance that affects their daily activities and health status. Information about the association between sleep disturbance and general health status in patients suffering from chronic conditions is limited, especially in relation to the developing countries of Asia. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of sleep disturbance and its relationship with the general health status of patients with chronic conditions in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study included 9,807 patients with chronic conditions who had participated in the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) wave 5. While sleep disturbance was measured by using the PROMIS sleep disturbance 4a short-form v1.0, general health status was assessed from self-rated health. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association between sleep disturbance and general health status. The study found that 75.7% of the patients with chronic conditions experienced sleep disturbance. In addition, the odds of being unhealthy among patients with sleep disturbance was 18% higher than those who did not experience sleep disturbance after being controlled by other covariates (p-value = 0.002; AOR 1.18; 95% CI 1.06–1.30). Sleep disturbance was associated with a poor general health status in patients with chronic conditions. Therefore, early detection of sleep disturbance and immediate intervention may lead to better health outcomes in patients with chronic conditions. Keywords: sleep disturbance, health status, chronic conditions, Indonesia

Salah satu masalah yang krusial adalah persoalan sampah. Penempatan sampah secara terpilah dapat diterapkan sebagai salah satu upaya dalam menurunkan beban sampah dalam konteks pengelolaan sampah. Melakukan aktivitas pemilahan sampah organik dan anorganik termasuk ke dalam salah satu kompetensi ekologis. Kompetensi ekologis diarahkan bagaimana manusia dapat memiliki kecerdasan ekologis. Pada dasarnya, manusia menggunakan pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan bagaimana berpikir dan bertindak cerdas terhadap lingkungan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan antara kecerdasan ekologis dan aktivitas pemilahan sampah organik dan anorganik pada siswa SMP Negeri 1 Malang. Kecerdasan ekologis ditinjau dari 4 kompetensi ekologis, yaitu pengetahuan, sikap, keterampilan, dan partisipasi. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII dan VIII SMP Negeri 1 Malang. Sampel berjumlah 103 orang, yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik proportionate stratified random sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2018. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat (menggunakan uji Fisher Exact Test dan uji Chi Square dengan α = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menyatakan ada hubungan antara kecerdasan ekologis dengan aktivitas pemilahan sampah (p value 0,001 < 0,05). Kesimpulan berdasarkan penelitian tentang hubungan antara kecerdasan ekologis dengan aktivitas pemilahan sampah pada siswa SMP Negeri 1 Malang didapatkan hasil bahwa ada hubungan antara kecerdasan ekologis dengan aktivitas pemilahan sampah. Diharapkan sekolah dan guru bisa bekerja sama dalam mendorong siswa untuk melakukan pemilahan sampah, baik di lingkungan sekolah maupun di rumah.

Taking medication for lifetime puts Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patients in challenging situations. The loss to follow-up (LTFU) is a major problem arising from their non-compliance. Information about functional status as a predictor of LTFU is limited. Therefore, this study was aimed to identify the association between the functional status and the incidence of LTFU among HIV patients at Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Indonesia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the tropical diseases and infections division of the Saiful Anwar General Hospital by observing 148 HIV patients who were diagnosed in 2015. Data were collected based on existing data in medical records. The log-rank test was used to compare the time of LTFU between groups. Cox proportional hazard was used to determine the effect of functional status after being controlled by other variables. This study found that 65.9% of HIV patients were able to retain on antiretroviral therapy for 39 months. Functional status had a significant association with the time LTFU occurred. Ambulatory patients had a higher risk of experiencing LTFU than working functional status (AHR = 2.289; 95% CI 1.106–4.738; p-value = 0.026). Identifying the patient’s characteristic that has a higher risk of LTFU helps to determine the right strategy to ensure treatment adherence. Keywords: antiretroviral therapy (ART), functional status, HIV, loss to follow-up (LTFU), Indonesia

Stress, anxiety, and depression are known to worsen the quality of life of patiens with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the detection of mental health conditions has not been carried out in an integrated way in the management of CHD patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the determinants of stress, anxiety, and depression in CHD patients at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar. This cross-sectional study was carried out from December 2019 to January 2020 in the cardiac polyclinic of RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar, Malang. CHD patients who underwent outpatient care at the cardiac clinic in 2019 were the population in this study. A total of 90 CHD patients were selected purposively to be the study sample. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of stress, anxiety, and depression among CHD patients. The study found that as many as 17.8% of CHD patients experienced mild to very severe stress, 47.8% experienced mild to very severe anxiety, and 66.7% experienced mild to very severe depression. Sex, age, heart failure status, emotional support, instrumental support, and information support were not predictors of stress, anxiety, or depression (p-value> 0.05). Monitoring mental health conditions and providing psychoeducation should be done during the outpatient care. It is expected to ensure the mental health of CHD patients in good condition.