Lead silicate glasses are fundamental materials to a microchannel plate (MCP), which is a two dimensional array of a microscopic channel charge particle multiplier. Hydrogen reduction is the core stage to determine the electrical conductivity of lead silicate glass MCP multipliers. The nanoscale morphologies and microscopic potential distributions of silicate glass at different reduction temperatures were investigated via atomic force microscope (AFM) and Kelvin force microscopy (KFM). We found that the bulk resistance of MCPs ballooned exponentially with the spacing of conducting islands. Moreover, bulk resistance and the spacing of conducting islands both have the BiDoseResp trend dependence on the hydrogen reduction temperature. Elements composition and valence states of lead silicate glass were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that the conducting island was an assemblage of the Pb atom originated from the reduction of Pb2+ and Pb4+. Thus, this showed the important influence of the hydrogen temperature and nanoscale morphological transformation on modulating the physical effects of MCPs, and opened up new possibilities to characterize the nanoscale electronic performance of multiphase silicate glass.
Microchannel plate (MCP) is a two-dimensional ultrathin device composed of thousands of channels, which is used to realize electron multiplication. It can be used in low light level night vision image intensifier, high-energy particle detection device, extremely weak signal ultraviolet alarm and other devices, and is the core component to provide signal amplification. Therefore, the electro-optical performance of the microchannel plate needs to be strictly controlled to meet the normal operation of large equipment and devices. Among them, the signal-to-noise ratio (snr) of the MCP is an important indicator to measure the strength of the device signal. This paper will study and analyze the influencing factors of the signal-to-noise ratio from the material composition, physical and chemical processing technology, and other aspects. It is found that the glass component of the MCP and the roughness of the inner wall of the MCP channel after the management process will affect the noise intensity and interfere with the reception of the signal to be measured. By further quantifying the influencing factors, we can accurately explore the change trend of snr. The research results are expected to provide sufficient reference value for the subsequent improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio of the MCP.
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