Zn-doped SnO2 hierarchical architectures with nanoflower,
nanourchin, and nanotrepang morphologies have been synthesized with
a surfactant-free solvothermal synthesis route in the mixed solvents
of ethylenediamine (En), ethanol, and deionized water. The observations
of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission
electron microscopy (TEM) showed that Zn-doped SnO2 hierarchical
architectures with different morphologies were assembled by the nanocones
with diameters ranging from 20 to 60 nm. We found that the alkaline
dosage (NaOH) of the solution had a remarkable effect on the morphology
of as-synthesized products. The UV−visible spectra of Zn-doped
SnO2 hierarchical architectures exhibited a blue shift
with the decrease of the size of nanocones. The photocatalytic activity
of Zn-doped SnO2 samples were evaluated by the degradation
of RhB aqueous solution, and the results revealed that the sample
with urchin morphology had high photocatalytic activity efficiency.
Moreover, the degradation process of RhB induced by Zn-doped SnO2catalyst was investigated in detail as well.
Recent EAST experiment has successfully demonstrated long pulse steady-state high plasma performance scenario and core-edge integration since the last IAEA in 2018. A discharge with a duration over 60s with βP ~2.0, βN ~1.6, H98y2~1.3 and internal transport barrier on electron temperature channel is obtained with multi-RF power heating and current drive. A higher βN (βN~1.8, βp~2.0, H98y2~1.3, ne/nGW~0.75) with a duration of 20s is achieved by using the modulated neutral beam and multi-RF power, where several normalized parameters are close or even higher than the phase III 1GW scenario of CFETR steady-state. High-Z impurity accumulation in the plasma core is well controlled in a low level by using the on-axis ECH. Modelling shows that the strong diffusion of TEM turbulence in the central region prevents tungsten impurity to accumulate. More recently, EAST has demonstrated compatible core-edge integration discharges in the high βp scenario: high confinement H98y2>1.2 with high βP~2.5/βN~2.0 and fbs~50% is sustained with reduced divertor heat flux at high density ne/nGW~0.7 and moderate q95~6.7. By combining active impurity seeding through radiative divertor feedback control and strike point splitting induced by resonant perturbation coil, the peak heat flux is reduced by 20-30% on the ITER-like tungsten divertor, here a mixture of 50% neon and 50% D2 is applied.
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